Pancreas-Like Extracellular Matrix Scaffold for Successful Pancreatic Islet Transplantation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In clinical islet transplantation, intrahepatically transplanted islets are generally rejected by the host’simmune response. However, they are also rapidly destroyed by other mechanisms that are unrelated to immuneresponse. For example, isolated islets can lose the natural pancreatic microenvironment during the islet isolation process,leading to islet cell apoptosis and early graft failure. In a normal pancreas, islets are surrounded by extracellularmatrix (ECM) components such as collagen, laminin, fibronectin, and so on. The interactions between islets andthese ECM molecules may be very important for islet physiology in the native pancreas. By modulating intracellularsignaling pathways, ECM components may play an important role in islet differentiation, proliferation, survival, andinsulin secretion. However, the role of ECM molecules in regulation of pancreatic islets is still completely unknown.
This article reviews current knowledge of islet-ECM interactions, evaluating the possible use of ECM molecules inimproving islet transplantation outcomes. It also discusses several experimental trials of methods for enhancing theviability and functionality of islets.

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