영국과 중국의 핀테크산업 규제법제에 관한 연구 - 인터넷전문은행과 대출형 P2P를 중심으로 - = A Study on Regulation of FinTech Industry in UK and China -Focused on Internet-only Bank and P2P Lending-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

FinTech simply means financial technology, but FinTech has already made huge inroads into many aspects of our daily lives. The birth and rise of FinTech is deeply rooted in the financial crisis. Since the financial crisis of 2008, FinTech has greatly increased and developed. The FinTech industry includes P2P(peer-to-peer) lending, a digital-only bank, big data, payments, personal finance, retail investment, remittance, equity financing and so on. Generally speaking, the FinTech industry consists of start-up companies. Therefore, FinTech start-ups have offered new and fresh services at lower costs through well-designated platforms or mobile apps.
Specifically, London becomes a FinTech hub in the world and there are lots of FinTech start-ups in UK. The UK government` policy has assisted and encouraged the FinTech industry. ZOPA is a world-famous P2P lending company. As a digital-only bank, Atom Bank, Tandem Bank and Starling Bank have been established and done business. As a financial regulator, Financial Conduct Authority(FCA), Prudential Regulation Authority(PRA) and Payment System Regulator(PSR) have played an important role in respect of the FinTech industry.
A rapid growth of FinTech industry has been conspicuous in China. Internet-only banks like MyBank & WeBank have already done business. Furthermore, P2P lending has greatly developed. One of the reasons of the rise of FinTech industry is insufficiency of function of state-owned banks. It is because small & medium corporations have difficulty in getting loan from state-owned banks. Of course, development of digital technologies has contributed to the growth of FinTech industry in China.
The China Banking Regulatory Commission(CBRC) issued Rules on the Administration of Electronic Banking in 2006 and recently issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of the Business Activities of Online Lending Information Intermediary Institutions according to the development of FinTech industry.
In Korea, K-Bank & Kakaobank as an internet-only bank are established and doing business. It is necessary to amend the Banking Act in order to lessen legal risk because complicated legal arguments have still continued under the Banking Act. In respect of P2P lending, it is necessary to make a law in order to do a safe business and to protect a financial consumer.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 안수현, "해외 주요국가의 핀테크 규제동향과 시사점: 미국⋅영국⋅핀란드⋅중국⋅일본 등의 지급결제시장을 중심으로" 국회입법조사처 2015

2 R&D정보센터, "핀테크(FinTech)산업 동향 전망과 정보보호산업 기술현황/실태분석" 지식산업정보원 2015

3 강창호, "핀테크" 한빛미디어 2015

4 서봉교, "중국의 핀테크 금융혁신과 온라인은행의 특징" 한국동북아경제학회 27 (27): 163-199, 2015

5 노은영, "중국의 지분형 크라우드펀딩 규제에 관한 연구" 중국연구소 66 : 245-267, 2016

6 황타우, "중국의 인터넷금융: 시장, 감독과 법률" 2015

7 이창영, "중국의 금융제도" 한국금융연수원 2009

8 구기보, "중국금융론" 삼영사 2010

9 한국수출입은행 상해사무소, "중국, 인터넷 금융관련 규정 발표"

10 이성복, "중국 핀테크 혁신 4년의 명과 암" (봄) : 2016

11 한국은행 조사국 국제경제부 중국경제반, "중국 핀테크 산업의 특징과 시사점" 2016 (2016): 2016

12 노은영, "중국 인터넷금융의 감독법제에 관한 연구" 한국증권법학회 16 (16): 279-310, 2015

13 한국금융연구원, "중국 P2P 금융의 동향과 전망" 25 (25): 2016

14 이상복, "주요국 인터넷전문은행의 현황과 그 법적 시사점" 법학연구소 33 (33): 303-340, 2016

15 고동원, "인터넷상에서의 개인 간(P2P) 금융거래에 관한 법적 연구 - P2P 대출 거래를 중심으로 -" 은행법학회 8 (8): 3-61, 2015

16 조효서, "인터넷 플러스 시대 중국 P2P 대차 플랫폼의법적 위험 및 감시" 한중법학회 25 : 163-184, 2016

17 김은수, "인터넷 전문은행 도입에 관한 소고" 한국상사판례학회 28 (28): 157-191, 2015

18 은행법학회, "은행의 경쟁력 향상을 위한 은행업무 범위의 확대 및업무규제개선방안에 관한 연구" 전국은행연합회 2008

19 정대, "영국의 핀테크산업 규제에 관한 법적 고찰 - 인터넷전문은행과 P2P거래를 중심으로 -" 법학연구소 (17) : 53-76, 2016

20 조대형, "국내 인터넷전문은행 도입의 주요 쟁점과 과제" (1095) : 2015

21 석예당, "거대한 공룡, 중국 핀테크 산업-핀테크 산업의 강대국 반열에 오른 중국-"

22 張秋華, "中國の金融システム" 日本經濟新聞出版社 2012

23 Munch, Jens, "What is fintech and why does it matter to all entrepreneurs"

24 Menat, Rébecca, "The FINTECH Book" Wiley 2016

25 PRA, "New Bank Start-up Unit: What you need to know from the UK’s financial regulators"

26 Kanzler, Viktor, "How do Fintech Startups and a Changing Consumer Behavior Reshape the Financial Services Industry?" Grin 2015

27 BIR, "Fintech(핀테크)글로벌 혁신기술 및 동향분석" Business Information Research 2016

28 김종현, "Fintech 3. 0" 한국금융연수원 2016

29 隈本正寬, "FinTechとは何か?" 金融財政事情硏究會 2016