Since 1960's, buildings not permitted and unlawful occupation of land have increased due to increase of population and rapid industrialization, and the resultant poor residential areas have paralyzed the urban functions, which requires well-planned ci...
Since 1960's, buildings not permitted and unlawful occupation of land have increased due to increase of population and rapid industrialization, and the resultant poor residential areas have paralyzed the urban functions, which requires well-planned city redevelopments. Housing redevelopment is sort of urban planning which aims to enhance efficient land uses and public welfare and thereby, create comfortable, convenient and efficient cities.
The goal of housing redevelopment is two-fold; improvement and enhancement of the obsolete living environment and efficient restructuring of the poor city functions.
The poor housing redevelopment projects have been important tools to increase housing supplies through efficient uses of housing sites in order to solve the problems of densely populated cities suffering from shortages of land and houses as well as traffic congestions, all caused by the rapid industrialization. Thus, the government has endeavored to supply new houses through new town development projects, while redeveloping the poor downtown housing areas.
As a result of examining the highlights of the redevelopment project for Bongcheon #10 zone of Gwanak-gu, Seoul, it was found that it focused on a variety of solutions: regional development, improvement of housing life, appropriate distribution of amenities and functions, efficient land use, enhancement of public welfare, relief of housing shortages and the like.
Based on the results of this study, the researcher put forwards the following reform measures for housing redevelopment projects;
First, it is necessary to activate people's participation in the projects. To this end, it is essential to rearrange the procedures for people's participation in previews, planning and implementation of the projects. Second, it is also necessary to lay out the houses to be environmental-friendly, while activating the communities to have people's housing life centered about a living sphere and improving their life quality through improvement of poor and obsolete housing environment. Third, it is required to secure sufficient public facilities. Since the redevelopment zone tends to be divided for project's convenience, public facilities or public open spaces may be put aside by district egoism. Fourth, since the tenants cannot afford to own a rental house, they tend to sell out their rental rights in return for a premium. So, they need to be adequately protected. Fifth, natives who had lived in detached houses should move to high-rise apartment buildings, which means that they should pay for higher living costs. So, it is necessary to allow them to move to new apartment houses at less living cost. Sixth, other various reform measures are required: institutional solutions to natives' resettlement problems, expansion of rental houses, effective measures for the natives moving to other regions, subsidies to rental deposits and the like.
The housing redevelopment projects have affected our living environment much, conducing to increase of housing supplies.
However, housing supplies have been concentrated in metropolitan cities suffering from housing shortages. Since people are more and more concerned about the environment and the metropolitan cities cannot be easily extended, it will be more important to redevelop the existing downtowns.