Three Possible Mechanisms for Stomatal Opening in Response to Light

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Environmental factors such as light and low CO2 concentrations trigger events which may result inby through changes in their content of potassium salts, with K+balanced either by Cl-or malate, depending on the species and conditions. However, how these signals are sensed and how they are transduced into driving the ion fluxes that control stomatal movements is not still fully understood. The basic role of stomata is regulating transpiration and photosynthesis. Photosynthesis plays a central role in the physiology of plants and an understanding of its response to light is, therefore, critical to any discussion of how plants sense and respond to light. It had been proposed that the evidences pointed three possible mechanisms for the light response. Firstly, there is a direct response of stomata to light. Secondly, there is an indirect response of stomata to light through the effect of CO2investigate how these three possible mechanisms explained in detail in response to light have not been made. Therefore, this study is examined the differences among these three possible mechanisms.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "stomatal epidermal cells of Commelina communis L" 249-256, 1981

2 "Volume changes of Commelinacommunis guard cell protoplasts in response to K+" 463-468, 1986

3 "Vanadate inhibits bluelight-stimulated swelling of Vicia gaurd cell protoplasts" 1567-1570, 1992

4 "Transmission of a traumatic signal via a wave of electricdepolarization and induction of correlations between the cotyledonarybuds in Bidens pilosus" 48-52, 1985

5 "The occurrence of functionalnon-chlorophyllous guard cells in Paphiopedilum spp" 1-7, 1975

6 "The evolution of stomata" 29-57, 1987

7 "The effect of CO2 on the Cl-influx and electrogenic pump in Nitella translucens" 239-245, 1977

8 "The control of transpiration andphotosynthesis by the stomata" Cambridge University Press 247-279, 1981

9 "The comparative effects of blue and red light on thestomata of Allium cepa L" 146-51, 1968

10 "The bluelight response of stomata" 209-227, 1987

11 "The biology of stomatal guard cells" 441-75, 1983

12 "Systemic responses arising from localized heat stimuli in tomatoplants" 691-695, 1989

13 "Synergisticaction of red and blue light and action spectrum for malateformation in guard cells of Vicia faba L" 61-142 65, 1978

14 "Surface potentials and hydraulicsignals in wheat leaves following localized wounding by heat" 431-436, 1991

15 "Studies in stomatal behaviour An investigation of the light responses of wheat stomata with theattempted elimination of control by the mesophyll" 269-292, 1954

16 "Stomatal sensitivity to carbondioxide and humidity A comparison of two C3 and two C4 grassspecies" 789-96, 1983

17 "Stomatal responses to light andCO2 are dependent on KCl concentration" 319-323, 1979

18 "Stomatal responses to light" 1987195-208

19 "Stomatal opening quantitativelyrelated to potassium transport Evidence from electron probeanalysis" 447-453, 1971

20 "Stomatal opening in light ofdifferent wavelengths Effect of blue light independent of carbondioxide concentrations" 510-21, 1966

21 "Stomatal movement in Zea mays Shuttle of potassium and chloride between guard cells andsubsidiary cells" 296-101 316, 1971

22 "Stomatal conductancecorrelates with photosynthetic capacity" 424-282 426, 1979

23 "Somecurrent aspects of stomatal physiology" 55-75, 1990

24 "Separation and measurementof direct and indirect effects of light on stomata" 33-40, 1986

25 "Separation and measurement ofdirect and indirect effects of light on stomata" 33-40, 1981

26 "Role of potassium uptake byguard cells" 784-160 785, 1968

27 "Role of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine-triphosphatase in stomatal movement Scientific Bulletin for theFaculty of Education 18" 1-47, 1967

28 "Responses of photosynthetic electron transport in stomatal guardcells and mesophyll cells in intact leaves to light" 128 : 52-62, 2002

29 "Relationships between leaf conductance intercelllular CO2 partial pressure and CO2 uptake rate in two C3and two C4 plant species" 343-16 355, 1982

30 "Propagation in Vicia faba stemof potential variation induced by wounding" Bonnemain 1273-1282, 1985

31 "Presence of chloride reducesmalate production in epidermis during stomatal opening" 361-364, 1978

32 "Photosynthetic carbonfixation in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba L" 700-705, 1988

33 "Photoregulationof phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in Salsola soda L" 735-739, 1983

34 "On the distribution of potassium in animal andvegetable cells" 95-118, 1905

35 "No uptake of ions required byopening stomata of Vicia faba" 47-115 57, 1973

36 "No lightactivation and high malate sensitivity of phosphoenolpyruvatecarboxylase in guard cell protoplasts of Commelina communis L" 1103-1107, 1990

37 "Mediation of rapidelectrical and photosynthetic changes byfactors released from wounds Variation potential and putativeaction potentials in intact plants" 2642-2650, 1976

38 "Mechanism of the action of light and other factorson stomatal movement" 481-504, 1932

39 "Malate-switch hypothesis to explain the action ofstomata" 393-262 4, 1976

40 "Lichtabhangige Veranderungen des Membranpotentialsbei Blattzellen von Elodea densa" 158-172, 1970

41 "Leaf conductance inrelation to assimilation in Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieb Influence of irradience and partial pressure of carbon dioxide" 670-74, 1978

42 "Intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatalresponse to CO2" 229-251, 1987

43 "Influence of light on the bioelectric potential of thebean" 266-275, 1975

44 "How stomata resolve the dilemma of opposingpriorities" 551-60, 1976

45 "Guard cells of Commelinacommunis L do not respond metabolically to osmotic stress inisolated epidermis Implications for stomatal responses to droughtand humidity" 166-174 173, 1988

46 "Guard cells extrudeprotons prior to stomatal opening-A study using fluorescencemicroscopy and pH micro-electrodes" 1541-1547, 1988

47 "Gain of the feedbackloop involving carbon dioxide and stomata" 406-412, 1978

48 "Evidence for an electrogenic ion pump inNitella translucence" 387-398, 1973

49 "Evidence for a CO2 inhibitedproton extrusion pump in the stomatal cells of Tradescantiavirginiana" 91-98, 1985

50 "Energy coupling for membrane transport" 437-60, 1978

51 "Electropotentials of plant cells" 25-46, 1973

52 "Electrophysiologicalinvestigation of cells of the stomata complex inSpiderwort" 704-707, 1975

53 "Electrophysiolgical studies in guard cells of tobacco" 79-82, 1968

54 "Effects of photon fluorescence rate andintercellular CO2 partial pressure on leaf conductance and CO2uptake rate in Capsicum and Amaranthus" 34-17 42, 1983

55 "Effects of light/dark on cation fluxes inguard cells of Commelina communis L" 1695-1710, 1983

56 "Do stomata respond to CO2 concentrations other thanintercellular" 1988200-3

57 "Direct and indirect effectsof light on stomata" 1033-109, 19871983

58 "Determination of malate levelsduring the swelling of vacuoles isolated from guard cell protoplasts" 27-161 31, 1984

59 "Dependence upon wavelength of stomatal move-April 2005 Stomatal Opening in Response to Light 111ment in epidermal tissue of Senecio odoris" 952-55, 1964

60 "Cytoplasmic calcium regulates voltagedependent ion channels in plant vacuoles" 833-329 36, 1987

61 "Control of stomatal movement by a reduction in thenormal carbon dioxide content of the air" 179-161 81, 1948

62 "Cell potentialsand turgor pressures in epidermal cells of Trandescantia andCommelina" 761-770, 1982

63 "Blue lightstimulates swelling of guard cell protoplasts" 887-196 889, 1977

64 "Blue lightactivates electrogenic ion pumping in guard cell protoplasts ofVicia faba" 285-318 87, 1985

65 "Blue light stimulates swelling of guard cell protoplasts" 887-889, 1985

66 "Analysis of the variation potential induced bywounding in plants" 455-467, 1985

67 "An electrophysiological studyof the stomatal complex of Tradescantia virginiana" 1541-1547, 1984

68 "After-effects of water stress on stomatal opening" 386-404, 1970

69 "Action spectra forguard cell Rb+ uptake and stomatal opening in Vicia faba" 82-88, 1973

70 "Action potentials in higher plants" 172-201, 1973

71 "Action potentials in Lupinusangustifolius L" 859-863, 1976

72 "Accumulation of malate in guard cells of Viciafaba during stomatal opening" 63-110 70, 1973

73 "Abaxial and adaxial stomatal responses to lightof different wavelengths and to phenylacetic acid on isolatedepidermis of Commelina communis L" 92-99, 1982

74 "A study of potassium gradientsin the epidermis of intact leaves of Commelina communis L inrelation to stomatal opening" 17-119 25, 1974

75 "A recording porometer withdetachable cups operating on four separate leaves" 1-8, 1962

76 "A light and electron microscopystudy of the epidermis of Paphiopedilum spp" 211-219, 1979

77 "A critical examination of theuse of detached epidermis in studies of stomatal physiology" 289 363-375, 19831969