In MRI, the frequency shift or phase image has been widely used to measure magnetic susceptibility of a material using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). However, the frequency shift is also known to be affected by chemical shift/exchange, whi...
In MRI, the frequency shift or phase image has been widely used to measure magnetic susceptibility of a material using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). However, the frequency shift is also known to be affected by chemical shift/exchange, which may introduce errors in the susceptibility estimation. In this study, we proposed a geometric method that separates susceptibility-induced frequency shift from chemical shift/ exchange-induced frequency shift in a phantom using three axes scanned datasets. The method was successfully validated in numerical simulation and reported susceptibility and chemical shift/exchange in olive oil, bovine serum Albumin (BSA), ferritin, and iron oxide solutions. The proposed method is useful not only in measuring magnetic susceptibility and chemical shift/exchange but also in improving QSM reconstruction algorithms.