With advancements in mobility technology, robots equipped with manipulators on mobile platforms have been gaining attention for providing diverse solutions in both industrial and everyday applications. These robotic systems perform complex tasks by le...
With advancements in mobility technology, robots equipped with manipulators on mobile platforms have been gaining attention for providing diverse solutions in both industrial and everyday applications. These robotic systems perform complex tasks by leveraging additional degrees of freedom (DOF) and expanded workspaces, undertaking missions such as exploration, rescue, and service delivery in environments that are difficult for humans to access. However, the limited payload capacity and battery life of mobile platforms necessitate manipulator designs that simultaneously achieve lightweight, energy efficiency, and compactness. To address these challenges, previous research has focused on gravity compensators, which enable robots to maintain performance levels similar to existing systems while utilizing low-capacity motors. A gravity compensator is a mechanism that mechanically offsets the gravitational torque caused by the weight of manipulator links, and its design can vary depending on the mechanical components used to compress the spring. Although various types of gravity compensators have been developed, improvements in spatial efficiency and durability are still required, necessitating the development of novel gravity compensator concepts to address these challenges.
This study developed a two-DOF simultaneous gravity compensator capable of compensating for gravity torques acting on two consecutive pitch joints within a single link. This mechanism was designed based on a spring and slider-crank mechanism and has been applied to the six-DOF mobile manipulator SiGMA to simultaneously compensate for the gravity torque of the shoulder and elbow pitch joints.
The experimental results demonstrated that the mechanism not only compensated for the weight of the links without relying on motor torque but also achieved a high torque compensation rate of 71.58% and a power reduction rate of 32.23% across the full angular range of the two joints. Furthermore, ground angle response, repeatability, and platform integration experiments validated its potential for practical applications. Consequently, the two-DOF simultaneous gravity compensator proposed in this study enables the design of manipulator platforms that achieve lightweight structures, compactness, and energy efficiency, thereby verifying its suitability.