조선후기 尙州牧 鄕吏層의 存在樣態 = Hyang-ri class configuration in Sangjumok in the late Chosun Dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Hyang-ri in Chosun dynasty was a officer who assisted a local governor and dealt with county business of every kinds. Distinguished from other classes, Hyang-ri was almost the only class who used public power legally. In Sangjoo, the family names which inherited Hyangyuk (a professional duty for county office) were 26. However, there were only 4 families which had produced the high rangking Hyang-ris such as Hojang and Kikwan. The number of Hojang and Kikwan was so small that a limited number of families could occupy the high rangking position. It shows that each Hyang-ri was different in grades in the same Hyang-ri class. The family which had produced high rangking Hyang-ris maintained and succeeded its higher position such as Hojang or Kikwan, exclusively by the marriage within its kinship.

Each post in the county office in the late Chosun Dynasty had an independent authority for its financial control. The operators in these posts, Hyang-ris, could accumulate their wealth in various ways. Their real estate and slave ownership which was the measure of fortune in the pre-modern society was as follows; high rangking Hyang-ri had more than 5 slaves. Even though this number of slaves didn't reach Yangban(noble class)s,' it is not a few. besides, low ranking Hyang-ri had more than one slave. It indicates that Hyang-ri had better economic background than ordinary people who could hardly possess slaves and there were different financial conditions according to the professional duties. It was assured when I researched the real estate ownership to the professions in Yonggoonghyun.

In conclusion, Hyang-ri class in Sangjumok had much higher wealth level than common people. They had made their own network by the marriage, reinforced their economic basis performing their duty for a district, Hyangyuk. With these several factors, they could construct their distinguished social position.

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