팀 내 과업갈등과 팀 성과간의 관계: 팀 내 관점수용의 조절역할 = The Effects of Team Task Conflict on Team Performance: The Moderating Effect of Perspective Taking

국문 초록 (Abstract)

팀 내 갈등 연구는 갈등의 유형 별로(과업갈등과 관계갈등) 팀 성과에 미치는 차별적인 영향에 대한 논의를 중심으로 이루어져왔다. 관계갈등과 팀 성과 간의 일관된 연구 결과와는 달리 과업갈등과 팀 성과간의 관계는 혼재된 결과를 제시하고 있다. 이러한 팀 내 과업갈등과 팀 성과간의 혼재된 결과는 상황론적 관점(contingency perspective)에 근거하여 과업갈등이 팀 성과에 도움이되는 상황적 요인을 살펴 보아야한다는 주장과 함께 연구의 필요성이 제기되어왔다. 그러나 과업 갈등과 팀 성과간의 관계에서 상황적 요인을 고려한 연구가 많이 이루어지지 않고 있다. 팀 내구성원들 간에 과업수행과 상호작용 과정에서 흔히 발생하는 과업갈등의 효과를 살펴보고 과업갈등을 어떻게 관리해야하는지에 대한 보다 나은 이해를 위해 상황론적 접근법에 따라 살펴볼 필요가 있다. 이러한 논의의 연장선에서 본 연구는 팀 과업갈등이 팀 성과에 미치는 영향과 과업갈등
이 팀 성과에 미치는 부정적 영향을 최소화할 수 있는 조절변수로서 팀 내 관점수용의 역할을 규명하고자 하였다. 72개의 R&D 팀을 대상으로 설문자료를 수집하여 분석한 결과, 팀 내 과업갈등은 팀 성과에 부정적인 영향을 미치고, 이들 영향관계에서 팀 내 관점수용은 과업갈등이 팀 성과에 미치는 부(-)적인 영향을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 팀 구성원들 간에 과업갈등이 발생하더라도 팀 내 관점수용의 수준이 높다면 다른 구성원의 입장에서 생각해보고 다양한 관점과 아이디어를 수용하려고 노력할 것이다. 이러한 노력은 팀 프로세스에 긍정적으로 작용하여 과업과 관련한 열린 토론이 가능해지고 원활한 조정과 통합으로 과업갈등이 팀 성과에 미치는 부정적인 영향은 줄어들 것이다. 최근 들어 관점수용에 대한 연구는 많은 연구자들에게 관심과 주목을 받고 있지만 실증연구가 아직 많이 부족한 상황이다. 특히 국내 연구의 경우, 관점수용에 관한 연구는 거
의 찾아보기 어렵다. 이러한 시점에 본 연구는 팀 수준에서의 관점수용의 문제를 고찰해보고 팀내 관점수용이 과업갈등과 팀 성과간의 부정적인 관계를 감소시킬 수 있는 상황요인으로서 의미있는 역할을 한다는 결과를 제시했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A great deal of conflict research has addressed the effects of each types of conflict (e.g., task conflict and relationship conflict) on team performance. According to previous research, there has been considerable consensus on the negative effects of relationship conflict on team performance. In contrast, there has been debate over the positive versus negative effects of task conflict on team performance.
Some researchers suggested a contingency approach to solve this debate. Recently, many scholars have focused on specific conditions under which task conflict can improve performance. However, there is a dearth of empirical research. This study has focused on a contextual condition which can reduce the negative effects of
task conflict on team performance. In this study, we extend extant research by examining how perspective taking in a team influences the relationship between task conflict and team performance. Data collected from 72 R&D teams of South Korean companies have revealed that task conflict was negatively related to team performance. Moreover, we found that perspective taking reduced the negative effects of task conflict on team performance. When task conflict arises in a team, perspective taking among members helps to understand others’ viewpoints, embrace
different ideas, and facilitate open discussion. Thus, a higher level of perspective taking within teams can moderate the effect of task conflict on team performance.
Recently although intra-team perspective taking has received considerable attentions, little research has been conducted. In this research, it is noteworthy to identify that intra-team perspective taking is an important moderator of the relationship between task conflict and team performance. Limitations and implications for future research were also discussed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 및 가설설정
• Ⅲ. 연구방법
• Ⅳ. 연구결과

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