The purpose of this article is to examine the types and characteristics of negations shown in ≪Eonhae Taesangjibyo≫, a text of the early of the 17th century, in order to formulate the types of negations of the 17th century and modern Korean langua...
The purpose of this article is to examine the types and characteristics of negations shown in ≪Eonhae Taesangjibyo≫, a text of the early of the 17th century, in order to formulate the types of negations of the 17th century and modern Korean language. In ≪Eonhae Taesanjibyo≫, the short forms of `ani` negations are shown as `ani stem`, `Chinese characters etymon ani hΛ(??)/ani`, `stem+ge ani hΛ`, `stem+eo ani h(ㅎ)`, and `adverb ani`. The form of `ani stem` is used with adjectives as well as intransitive verbs and transitive verbs. The long forms of `ani` negations are shown as `stem+di anihΛ/anih/ani`, `Chinese characters etymon+ti arhΛ/ani`. According to the suffix next to `anihΛ` in the `ani` negations, the alternation into `h` and apocope of `hΛ` are shown more than the keeping of `hΛ`. The representative form of `ani`negations is `stem+di anilΛ`. The short forms of `mod` negations are shown as `mod stem`, `Chinese characters etymon mod hΛ`, `pure Korean etymon mod hΛ`, and `noun+auxiliary mod hΛ`. The form of `mod stem` is used with intransitive verb and transitive verb but not adjective. The long forms of `mod` negations are shown as `stem+di modhΛ` and `Chinese characters etymon+ti modhΛ`. The representative form of `mod` negations is `stem+di modhΛ`. The `mod` negations are shown in only `modhΛ` keeping `hΛ` no matter which suffixes appear next to `modhΛ`. This is the most different point between `ani` negations and `mod` negations and it does not appear in the literary works of the 15th and 16th centuries.