해외시장 진출기업의 자원 특성, 네트워크 협력유형과 글로벌 성과의 관계 = The Relationship between Resource Characteristics, Type of Network Cooperation and Global Performance on MNCs

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the field of international business, there have been various approaches to companies entering foreign markets. Existing studies analyzed the performance determinants of companies entering foreign markets by applying resource-based and network perspectives. In this study, based on the main theoretical discussions dealt with in previous studies, we explored the antecedent factors that affect the global performance of companies entering foreign markets. In addition, an analysis was performed by setting up a path model centering on the network cooperation type, which was not sufficiently examined in previous studies. According to the resource-based perspective, product competitiveness as a tangible resource and foreign market orientation as an intangible resource were set, and the network cooperation type was divided into vertical and horizontal integration. Seven hypotheses, including the mediating effect of the network type, were set as a structural equation model. An empirical analysis was conducted on 307 companies entering the foreign market. The validity of the variables used in the analysis model was verified and hypotheses were tested by path analysis. As a result of the analysis, product competitiveness had a positive effect on strengthening both vertical and horizontal types of networks. Foreign market orientation was also found to have a significant effect on the overall network cooperation type. In the case of network cooperation type, vertical cooperation networks had a positive effect on global performance, but horizontal networks did not. In the case of the analysis of the mediating effect of the type of network cooperation on the resource characteristics and global performance of entering companies, significant results were confirmed in vertical network cooperation. This confirms the importance of building a front and rear network centering on the supply chain. Based on the analysis results, theoretical and practical implications were discussed, and research limitations and future research directions were presented.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

국제경영 분야에서는 해외시장 진출기업에 관한 다양한 접근이 있었다. 기존 연구는 자원기반관점, 네트워크관점 등을 적용하여 해외시장 진출기업의 성과 결정요인을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 기존 연구에서 다룬 주요 이론적 논의를 기반으로 해외시장 진출기업의 글로벌 성과 결정에 영향을 미치는 선행요인을 탐구하였다. 더불어 기존 연구에서 충분히 살펴보지 못한 네트워크 협력유형을 중심으로 경로 모형을 설정하여 분석을 수행하였다. 자원기반관점에 따라 기업의 유형 자원으로 제품 경쟁력, 무형 자원으로 해외시장 지향성을 설정하고 네트워크 협력유형의 경우 수직적, 수평적 통합으로 구분하였다. 네트워크 유형의 매개효과를 포함하여 7개의 가설을 구조방정식모형으로 설정하였다. 해외시장 진출 중인 기업 307개를 대상으로 실증분석을 수행하였다. 분석모형에서 사용한 변수의 타당성을 검증하고 경로분석으로 가설을 검정하였다. 분석 결과 제품 경쟁력은 네트워크의 수직적, 수평적 유형 강화에 모두 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 해외시장 지향성 또한 네트워크 협력유형 전반에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 네트워크 협력유형의 경우 수직적 협력 네트워크는 글로벌 성과에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으나 수평적 네트워크는 그렇지 못하였다. 네트워크 협력유형이 진출기업의 자원 특성과 글로벌 성과에 미치는 매개효과 분석의 경우 수직적 네트워크 협력에서 유의한 결과를 확인할 수 있었다. 이로써 공급사슬을 중심으로 전후방 네트워크 구축 활동의 중요성을 확인하였다. 분석 결과를 기반으로 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 논의하였으며, 연구 한계와 앞으로 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

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