한국의 일가정양립정책 발달에 관한 연구: 노동시장 제도와 행위자를 중심으로 = A Study on the Development of Work-Family Policy in Korea: Focusing on the Labor Market Systems and Actors

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Work-family policies are expanding around the world. Korea is also implementing a work-life policy to not only support women’s economic activities but also overcome the crisis of low birth rate. However, research on Korea’s work-family policy to date has mainly focused on analyzing individual policies such as maternity leave, childcare facilities, and cash support, and studying their effectiveness. In other words, research has mainly focused on implementing policies first and then confirming their effects, overlooking factors such as labor systems and actors, which are factors that cause work-family policies to vary from country to country. For this reason, the limitations of microscopic research on Korea’s work-family policy are pointed out, and the need for macroscopic research is raised.
This paper focuses on labor market systems and actors in order to complement the limitations of micro-level research on the development of Korea’s work-family policy. Analysis shows that Korea is a mixed market economy that combines a liberal market economy and a coordinated market economy. As a result, the ratio of private childcare facilities is higher than that of public childcare facilities. However, as childcare fees are largely supported by the government, it was confirmed that the burden of childcare fees on parents has been reduced. In addition, in the development of these policies, there was a dynamic political process involving actors such as political parties, corporations, and labor unions. In particular, political parties sought to mobilize young voters, including women, to win the election competition for both progressive and conservative governments. In these ways, Korea’s work-family policy has developed by reflecting the interests of corporations and labor unions.

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