중학생의 부 애착, 모 애착, 또래 애착 및 주관적 안녕감의 관계 = The relationship among father, mother, peer attachment and subjective well-being in middle school students

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 청소년 초기의 중학생들이 지적하는 부, 모, 또래 애착과 주관적 안녕감의 관계를 규명하고, 중학생의 애착과 주관적 안녕감은 성별에 따라 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 충청북도의 중학생 532명(남 273, 여 259)을 대상으로 부, 모, 또래 애착과 주관적 안녕감 검사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 부 애착과 모 애착에 대한 지각정도에서 남학생과 여학생 간에 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타난 반면, 또래 애착에서는 여학생이 남학생보다 높게 지각하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 부, 모, 또래 애착 모두 주관적 안녕감과 유의한 상관관계가 나타났다. 특히 부 애착은 부정적 정서와 높은 부적 상관이 나타났다. 셋째, 삶의 만족도에는 모 애착이, 긍정적 정서에는 또래 애착이, 부정적 정서에는 부 애착이 상대적으로 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 성별에 따라 부, 모, 또래 애착이 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향은 다소 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 남학생의 주관적 안녕감에는 부 애착과 또래 애착이, 여학생의 주관적 안녕감에는 모 애착과 또래 애착이 상대적으로 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과에서 청소년 초기의 중학교 여학생이 남학생보다 또래 애착이 친밀한 것으로 나타난 점, 주관적 안녕감 지각에 있어서 또래 애착과 부 애착의 중요성이 부각된 점, 그리고 삶의 만족도에 대한 모 애착의 상대적 설명력이 높게 나타난 점 등은 가정과 학교 현장에서 중학생들의 주관적 안녕감을 증진하기 위한 방안을 모색하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was attempted to investigate the relationship among father, mother, peer attachment and subjective well-being in middle school students. The subjects were 532 male and female students in the second and third grade of the middle school in Chungbuk province, Korea. The instruments used for this study were Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Revised version and the Scale of Subjective Well-Being. The major results of this study are as follows. First, there were no significant sex differences in farther and mother attachment. This study supports recent literature in finding that there are no significant gender effects for mother or father attachment. Second, the female students reported higher attachment on peer than male students. This phenomenon may be explained by prior research indicating the female students" social relationships grow increasingly important as development progress and their peer relationships become more intimate. Third, both attachment to father and mother were significantly correlated with subjective well-being(life satisfaction, positive and negative affect). This result is consistent with the literature finding that farther attachment is related to emotional adjustment. Finally, A number of studies have investigated whether attachment to parents or attachment ot peers is more influential on adolescent well-being. Most studies have found that attachment to parents is more influential on adolescents" well-being than attachment to peer. But the result of this study found that attachment to parents and attachment to peers contribute to different areas of an middle school students" subjective well-being.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 요약
• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• Ⅲ. 연구방법
• Ⅳ. 연구결과
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론
• 참고문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 문은식, "청소년의 애착안정성과 학교생활 적응행동의 관계" 41 (41): 349-369, 2003

2 조혜진, "청소년의 또래 애착과 우울,불안:자아존중감의 매개효과를 중심으로" 이화여자대학교 대학원 2006

3 옥정, "청소년기 애착안정성과 우울성향의 관계:지각된 유능감의 매개효과를 중심으로" 이화여자대학교 대학원 1998

4 오송희, "청소년기 애착과 자아존중감 및 우울과의 관계" 서강대학교 교육대학원 1998

5 김인숙, "중학생의 부모에 대한 애착,친구지지와 행동문제" 7 (7): 97-113, 2004

6 김명소, "심리적 안녕감의 구성개념 분석: 한국 성인 남녀를 대상으로" 15 (15): 19-39, 2001

7 조명한, "삶의 질에 대한 국가간 비교" 집문당 1998

8 이정수, "부모 애착과 또래 애착이 중학생의 우울에 미치는 영향:자아존중감의 매개효과를 중심으로" 이화여자대학교 대학원 2006

9 차경호, "대학생들의 주관적 안녕감과 심리적 안녕감의 관계" 18 : 575-595, 1999

10 Wilkinson, R. B, "The role of parental and peer attachment in the psychological health and self-esteem of adolescents" 33 : 479-493, 2004

11 Cotterell, J. L, "The relation of attachments and supports to adolescent well-being and school adjustment" 7 : 28-42, 1992

12 Diener, E, "The personality structure of affect" 69 : 130-141, 1995

13 Greenberg, M. T, "The nature and importance of attachment relationships to parents and peers during adolescence" 12 : 373-386, 1983

14 Laible, D. J, "The differential relations of parent and peer attachment to adolescent adjustment" 29 : 45-59, 2000

15 Cacioppo, J. T, "The affect system:Architecture and operating characteristics" 8 : 133-137, 1999

16 Armsden, G. C, "The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment:Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence" 16 : 427-454, 1987

17 Gullone, E, "The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Revised (IPPA-R) for Children: A psychometric investigation" 12 : 67-79, 2005

18 Diener, E, "Subjective well-being:Three decades of progress" 125 : 276-302, 1999

19 Diener, E, "Subjective well-being is essential to well-being" 9 : 33-37, 1998

20 Diener, E, "Subjective well-being" 95 : 542-575, 1984

21 Keyes, C. L. M, "Subjective change and its consequences for emotional well-being" 24 (24): 67-84, 2000

22 Allen, J. P, "Stability and change in attachment security across adolescence" 75 : 1792-1805, 2004

23 Simons, K. J, "Quality of parent/adolescent attachment and aggression in young adolescents" 21 : 182-203, 2001

24 Verschueren, K, "Perceptions of self and relationship with parents in aggressive and nonaggressive rejected children" 40 : 501-522, 2002

25 Coleman, P. K, "Perceptions of parent-child attachment, social self-efficacy, and peer relationships in middle childhood" 12 : 351-368, 2003

26 Nada-Raja, S, "Perceived attachments to parents and peers and psychological well-being in adolescence" 21 : 471-485, 1992

27 Kerns, K. A, "Peer relationships and preadolescent's perceptions of security in the child-mother relationship" 32 : 457-466, 1996

28 Trinke, S. J, "Hierarchies of attachment relationships in young adulthood" 14 : 603-625, 1997

29 Diener, E, "Explaining differences in societal levels of happiness: Relative standards, need fulfillment, culture, and evaluation theory" 1 : 41-78, 2000

30 Suh, E, "Events and subjective well-being: Only recent events matter" 70 : 1091-1102, 1996

31 Papini, D. R, "Early-adolescent perceptions of attachment to mother and father: A test of emotional-distancing and buffering hypotheses" 11 : 258-275, 1991

32 Lucas, R. E, "Discriminant validity of well-being measures" 71 : 616-628, 1996

33 Lieberman, M, "Developmental patterns in security of attachment to mother and father in late childhood and early adolescence: Association with peer relations" 70 : 202-213, 1999

34 Diener, E, "Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem" 68 : 653-663, 1995

35 Larson, R. W, "Changes in adolescents' daily interactions with their families from ages 10 to 18: Disengagement and transformation" 32 : 744-754, 1996

36 Noom, M. J, "Autonomy, attachment and psychosocial adjustment during adolescence: a double-edged sword" 22 : 771-783, 1999

37 Kerns, K. A, "Attachment-based assessments of parent-child relationships in middle childhood" 136 : 614-626, 2000

38 Rubin, K. H, "Attachment, friendship, and psychosocial functioning in early adolescence" 24 : 326-356, 2004

39 Fraley, R. C, "Attachment formation and transfer in young adults' close friendships and romantic relationships" 4 : 131-144, 1997

40 Wilkinson, R. B, "Attachment and personality in the psychological health of adolescents" 31 : 473-484, 2001

41 Bowlby, J, "Attachment and loss:Vol 1.Attachment.(2nd ed.)" Basic Books. 1982

42 Allen, J, "Attachment and adolescent psychological functioning" 61 : 1406-1419, 1998

43 Schneider, B. H, "Adolescent-parent attachment and adolescents' relations with their peer: A closer look" 28 : 95-108, 1996

44 Lapsley, D. K, "Adolescent attachment, identity and adjustment to college: Implications for the continuity of adaptation hypothsis" 68 : 561-565, 1990

45 Paterson, J, "Adolescent attachment to parents and friends in relation to aspects of self-esteem" 24 : 365-376, 1995

46 Santrock, J.W, "Adolescence(9th ed.)" McGraw-Hill 2004