공주지역 분청사기 가마 지표조사 보고 = Report of the Research on Buncheong Kilns in the Gongju Province

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Buncheong kilns in the Gongju province are nineteen in total. Among them, Gasan-ri, Jungheung-ri, Ipseok-ri, Oncheort-ri, Eomul-ri, Dosin-ri, Myeongok-ri are the kiln of Buncheong wares with stamped design. However, Hakbong-ri, Hashin-ri Songgok-ri mainly consisted of those with theiron-painted design. The porcelain shards excavated in the first half of fifteenth-century kilns located in Dosin-ri, Jungheung-ri and Gasan-ri, bear the reed and duck design, the cloud and crane design, and the flower design. The technique, the glaze, and clay quality are rather unsophisticate. For instance, stamped design of plants and flowers and of six edges embellishing the interior core of the bowl and plates, do not have a fit structure. It suggests that the classical beauty of the Buncheong wares was not yet formulated.
The most significant feature of the Buncheong kilns in the Gongju province are the following. In the Ipseok-ri kiln, were excavated shards of Buncheong wares stamped with the letter 賓(Bin). 賓 means that Yebinshi(禮賓寺), the of(ice where dealt with greeting guests and preparing parties ; Yebinshi had first established in 921, the forth year of the first king of Goryeo period and maintained its function until 1894, the 31th year of Gojong, the last king of Joseon Dynasty. The porcelains stamped with the letter 賓 were excavated in Hakbong-ri and Geumsa-ri. However,
since Yebinshi existed for such a long time, it i s hard to define the accurate execution date of those sealed Buncheongwares.
In the Ipseok-ri kiln, Buncheong wares aith diverse designs such as the chrysanthemums design and the butterfly design are excavated. A few inlaid Buncheong wares are also found there. Such designs and inlaid Buncheong wares prevalent in the first half of the fifteenth century were made in poor techniques. On the base of this fact, the porcelains of the Ipseok-ri kiln can be traced back to the fifteenth century.
The Buncheong wares from the Jungheung-ri kiln presumably made around 1420 bear the arabesque design or the letter 司(Sa) that probably the first letter of 司甕房(Saongbang) or 司膳署(Saseonseo), or 金(Kim), probably the surname of a porcelain maker.
In the Gasan-ri kiln, were found numerous porcelains with the stamped design in a highly punctilious manner. I believe that at that time Gasan-ri kiln was active, the unique feature of Buncheong wares with the seal design was finally established. In addition, the enlarged plates with deep bottom from the Gasan-ri kiln suggests that in that period both the artistic and structural beauty of Buncheong wares saw a significant development. One of the interesting element I detected in the decoration of the Buncheong wares of the Gasan -ri kiln i s that the stem of the porcelains was stamped with the sign 卍 or was inlaid with white clay. Since this type of decorative elements is one of the features of the Buncheong kiln in the Chungcheong province active after 1420, 1 presume that the Gasan-ri kiln was active in between 1420 and 170.
In the Oncheon-ri kiln, the plant design, the double stamped design, the multiple stamped design are collected. The stamped design and the white clay inlaid design decorating the plates and bowls were made in a highly sophisticated manner. This kiln produces numerous porcelains with the butterfly design similar to those from the Gasan-ri kiln. Based on such a evidence, the Oncheon-ri kiln was active around 1430-1440.
In the Eomul-ri kiln, were collected large porcelain plates with both the stamped design and the inlaid design. The porcelains with the inlaid design were more in number than the stamped design. Interestingly, the inlaid design decorating around the stem of the porcelain was also founded.
The Hakbong-ri kiln that exclusively produced iron inlaid Buncheong wares consisted of eight kilns. The execution date of the Hakbong-ri kiln is assumed roughly from around 1420 to the first half of sixteenth century. As I mentioned above, Sejong Silrok Jiriji(『世宗實錄』「地理誌」) witness that therewere two major Jagi-so (porcelain
maker) : One is in Gunjichon, the other is in Donghak-dong. I believe that the Jagiso in Donghak-dong usually produced the medium quality porcelains. Unfortunately, in the Hakbong-ri kiln is no shards of porcelains of the early stage found. Brush painted and white slip coating porcelains replacing the stamped design that had been once prevalent in the earlier period, were increasingly more collected in the Hakbong-ri kiln, presumably active in the first half of sixteenth century.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 머리말
• 2. 공주지역 분청사기요지 조사결과
• 3. 공주지역 분청사기 성격과 편년
• 4. 맺음말