Royal Family of Joseon was regarded as the existence which was equal to the nation. Therefore, the study on Royal Family has an important meaning as a method to understand the history and culture of Joseon period. In order to comprehend Royal Family, ...
Royal Family of Joseon was regarded as the existence which was equal to the nation. Therefore, the study on Royal Family has an important meaning as a method to understand the history and culture of Joseon period. In order to comprehend Royal Family, it is considered to be necessary to investigate the members of Royal Family. Here, this thesis paid attention to princes(王子), on whom overall researches have been insufficient in the mean time among the members of Royal Family, and concretized social base of 96 princes during King Taejo~King Myeongjong period of early Joseon and analyzed their political activity and diplomatic activity.
Princes were born in the palace, if they were the sons of the king or the crown prince at birth, and if their father was not the king at birth, they were born at their father's private house(私邸) outside the palace. After a prince's birth, Royal Family built a Taesil(胎室) at the area which was considered as a great site from the viewpoint of feng shui, Taesils of the princes of early Joseon were concentrically built in Gyeongsang provinces. The princes of early Joseon were educated at Sejasigangwon, if they were crown princes, and other princes besides the crown prince were educated at Jonghak(宗學). They were normally designated as Royal Family members(封君) at their age of 6~12, and got married to the children of noble families at their age of 11~14. After marriage, princes resided at the private houses neighboring the palace, some of them possessed private pavilion nearby Han river.
Princes of early Joseon could not enter for the state examination in principle, but they could undertake government service at the institutes which were in charge of the tasks related to the Royal Family or Royal relatives(宗親). Princes' status was special that they were in the representative group which composed Royal Family and were children of the king, so that they lived with receiving the abundant benefits of economyㆍclothingㆍmilitary serviceㆍcriminal law, though they had some restrictions.
Princes of early Joseon were purged by the upheaval caused by the process of succession to the throne and political incidents, or eliminated from the candidates of succession. Particularly, upheaval arose in the process of King Taejong and Sejo's seizure of power, King Taejong and Sejo purged their brothers who opposed their seizure of power. On the other hand, the princes who agreed with their seizure were designated as meritorious retainers and took an active part in the Royal Court afterwards. Also, after King Seongjong, princes were purged politically by being involved in circumferential political incidents, e.g. Sahwa(士禍) or conspiracy, etc.
Princes of early Joseon also took lots of activity in the diplomatic lines. They took trips to Ming as envoys(使行) to solve current problems between Joseon and Ming, when diplomatic dispute occurred between the two nations. Princes were the characters who could represent the king's position, as close family members(至親) of the king, so that they were chosen as envoys. Also, the princes of early Joseon greeted and received foreign envoys when they visit Joseon. Like this, princes of early Joseon played remarkable activity as diplomats who represented Joseon in diplomatic activity, along with political activity.
This way, although princes of early Joseon couldn't advance to the public office, however they took an important role politicallyㆍdiplomatically on the background of various benefits as the members of Royal Family.