드러난 연쇄, 숨겨진 공감 -제국 일본 하 피식민자들의 언어,문학관련 좌담회- = Disclosed Bondage and Hidden Sympathy: Round-table Talks of the Colonized Concerning Language and Culture under the Imperial Japan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper deals with multi-racial round-table talks held by literary men from Korea, Manchuria, and Taiwan in the years (from 1937 to 1945) when Japan strengthened imperial authorities through the movement of ``Japanization``. Talking about relations between the colonized and the colonizer as well as those among the colonized themselves from different countries, more emphasis will be placed on the empathy or sympathy among the colonized than on the bondage of or their adaptation with the Japanese imperial strategy. The round-table talks held by the Japanese authorities made the participators speak in the hierarchical relations between the colonizer and colonized and thus played a role as a resonator for the spread of the Japanese imperialism. Besides, unification of the means of mass communications and the distribution channels under the government control made it hard for the colonized to form literary circles and even to make money for living. The poverty and exclusion drove them to be more competitive in entering central literary circles located in Tokyo. So, the round-table talks as a resonator were becoming more and more efficient in propagating imperialism. The round-table talks put the relations between the colonizer and the colonized into the hierarchical ones in which the colonizer asked questions and the colonized answered them in the one-way direction, that is, questioners were colonizers and the answerers were the colonized. However, the colonized intellectuals disturbed and shook the relations by taking advantage of the unidirectional and hierarchical system in a subtle way. By using the strategies, the Koreans, the Taiwanese and the Manchurians spoke about their uniqueness in their own way. Secondly, the participators in the round-table talks emphasized that their own literary expressions could not be translated or interpreted into Japanese. The untranslatability into Japanese was used as a justification for criticizing the policy of making the Japanese language into the cross-racial language, and disclosing limitations and violences in the policy. In this way, they unconsciously extended their sympathy or empathy to one another. Thirdly, we find common emotions in the literary men from the three countries as in negative feelings (depression, complaint, nihilism, etc.), and passive behaviours (lethargy, no passion etc.). The paper tries to bring into light the common ground in which the colonized who had never met one another before shared the emotions and behaviors in the militaristic and imperial period. Behind the negative and passive emotions and behaviors could be found the chains of protests. They suggest to us that we should reconsider the hidden image of the chains in a new perspective and find out solidarity and sympathy among the colonized which might be potential powers in the colonized countries.

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