조선후기 사대부가 여성의 治産과 경제활동 ― 길쌈을 중심으로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

조선시대에는 남성에게는 농업을, 여성에게는 길쌈 즉 직조업을 적극 권장하였다. 조선전기 사대부가 여성들에게 婦德으로 적극 권장된 길쌈은 양잠업이었다. 사대부가 여성들에게 양잠업이 권장된 이유는 사대부의 의복재료가 명주였다는 점과 아울러 양잠이 다른 직물보다 노동과정 및 방적과정이 비교적 수월하다는 데 있었다. 그러므로 조선시대 사대부가 여성들이 직접 방적⋅방직과정에 참여했던 길쌈은 명주길쌈이었다. 조선전기 여성의 부덕으로 권장되었던 길쌈은 조선후기 사회경제적 변화와 場市의 활성화에 힘입어 부를 창출할 수 있는 주요 산업으로 성장하였다. 조선후기에는 화폐경제의 발달과 함께 서민의 경제력과 의식이 성장하면서 조선 사회를 지탱해 왔던 신분제가 동요하였다. 경제력의 상승에 따라 신분간의 이동 현상이 활발해지면서 여성들의 생산노동, 治産능력을 높게 평가하는 사회적 분위기가 형성되었다. 조선전기에 婦德으로 권장되었던 길쌈은 부덕의 영역에서 벗어나 치산이 가능한 경제활동으로 인식되기 시작하였다. 조선후기 사대부가 여성들은 직접 방적⋅방직에 참여하였으며 길쌈을 통해 가정경제를 이끌어가거나 부를 축적한 여성도 나타났다. 조선후기 여성들의 적극적인 길쌈 참여에 따라 길쌈기술의 점진적인 발전이 가능하였으며, 직물의 명산지가 형성되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the Joseon dynasty, agriculture was recommended for men, and as well as weaving was recommended for women. As womanly virtues, weaving, especially silkworm farming was highly recommended for women of the gentry in the early Joseon dynasty. The reasons for silkworm farming recommended, were that clothing material was basically silk, and also labor process of silkworm farming and spinning process were relatively much easier than those of other fabric making. Therefore, women of the gentry in the Joseon dynasty had become used to directly participate in the spinning and textile manufacturing process of silk weaving. As womanly virtues, the weaving which was recommended for women in the early Joseon dynasty, was growing into a major industry that could create wealth, owing to the socio-economic change and the activation of rural market in the late Joseon dynasty. In the late Joseon dynasty, the economic growth and social consciousness of ordinary people was greatly grown along with the development of monetary economy, and thereby it made the caste system supporting the Joseon society significantly shaken. With the rise of economic power, a phenomena of moving social status among people was actively occurred, and also a social atmosphere highly evaluating women's management of household economy and socio-economic activities was created. The weaving recommended for women in the early Joseon dynasty, began to be recognized as economic activities of creating a wealth beyond the simple womanly virtues. Many women of the gentry in the late Joseon dynasty were directly and actively involved in the spinning and weaving, and several women appeared, who were leading the household economy or making a fortune through the weaving. Based on the active participation of women in the late Joseon dynasty, it had been possible to make a gradual progress of the weaving technology and form several famous areas for the fabric.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• <논문 요약>
• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 조선전기 여성의 婦德과 길쌈
• Ⅲ. 조선후기 사대부가 여성의 길쌈과 治産
• 1. 길쌈의 종류
• 2. 길쌈을 통한 경제활동
• Ⅳ. 조선후기 사회경제적 변화와 길쌈
• Ⅴ. 맺음말
• <참고문헌>
• Abstract