Purpose&Contents : This study is about cardiomyogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs) by using electrical and mechanical stimulation which mimic cardiac microenvironments, and further transplanting the differentiated cells i...
Purpose&Contents : This study is about cardiomyogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs) by using electrical and mechanical stimulation which mimic cardiac microenvironments, and further transplanting the differentiated cells into myocardiac infarction injury model. We have fabricated the piezoelectric and elastic substrate (PES) to induce cardiomyogenic differenftiation by subjecting it into cyclic bending and stretching, and revealed its cellular mechanism. As a result, the differentiated cells could treat myocardiac infarction injury better than the undifferentiated cells in vivo.
Results : In the first year of this project, we studied about the methodology and efficiency of our ex vivo cardiomyogenic differentiation of hMSCs. We mimicked the cardiac microenvironment for cardiomyogenic differentiation, using zinc oxide nanorod and polydemethylsiloxane-based PES. The cardiomyogenic differentiation markers of hMSCs cultured on PES were up-regulated by electrical and mechanical stimulation. Especially, we verified the superiority of our system, by enhancing the cardiac protein expression 4 times compared to the 5-azacytidine group, which is a classical method for cardiomyogenic differentiation. We further studied the intracellular signaling mechanism, and we confirmed that electrical and mechanical stimulation up-regulated the autocrine secretion of VEGF, BMP-4, IGF and TGF-beta, and FAK-ERK downstream mechanism which are known to be essential for cardiomyogenic differentiation. In the second year of this project, we have tried to apply our cardiomyogenically differentiated cells in animal myocardiac infarction model. First, we evaluated the safety and toxicity of the differentiated cells in vivo, thus no harmful effect was observed. As we have compared the in vivo effect of hMSCs and our differentiated hMSCs, we have shown that the differentiated hMSCs could better repair the cardiac functionality.
Expected Contribution : The therapeutic efficiency of the commercialized stem cell therapy for myocardium infarction is very low, because we commonly use non-differentiated stem cells. Also, the conventional method for cardiomyogenic differentiation of hMSCs (treating TGF-beta or 5-azacytidine) is not feasible. This study could up-regulate the differentiation ratio 4 times compared to the conventional method. We applied for a patent of our method for cardiomyogenic differentiation, and have a plan to transfer our technology to companies. Finally we are going to submit to SCI journal paper after in vivo experiments.