Fano resonance is a special resonant nature in optics and photonics as well as atomic systems, which originates from destructive interference between continuum and discrete states. Resonance is a basic phenomenon that becomes a cornerstone for designi...
Fano resonance is a special resonant nature in optics and photonics as well as atomic systems, which originates from destructive interference between continuum and discrete states. Resonance is a basic phenomenon that becomes a cornerstone for designing complex optical devices. Among them, Fano resonance has been actively studied due to its unique spectral characteristics. In particular, the development of metasurfaces has made it possible to excite and control the Fano resonance through an array of artificial nanostructures in subwavelength scale. The high quality factor of the Fano resonance is a key element for modulating light in the specific bandwidth. However, the research of the Fano-resonant metasurfaces has been limited to adjusting constraining factors such as absolute value of the quality factor, resonant frequency, and depth of resonance peak or dip. In addition, the amplitude characteristic of Fano-resonant metasurfaces has been applied in limited applications including optical sensors and modulators.
This dissertation investigates optical modulation method of the Fano resonance via metasurfaces and their application to optical elements. Polarization, amplitude, and phase of optical beams will be addressed as subjects of modulation using Fano-resonant metasurfaces to extend the scope of researches related to the existing Fano-resonant metasurface. A band-selective application based on the amplitude and phase of the Fano resonance will be proposed.
First, the polarization dependency of electromagnetically induced transparency effect, which can be regarded as an example of the Fano resonance, will be discussed. The change of optical properties depending on the polarization of the incident light causes a decrease in efficiency which can be a significant issue when a consistent operation is required. By designing a symmetric metasurface, this polarization dependency can be eliminated, which increases the efficiency of band-selective based optical devices.
After then, control mechanism of amplitude and phase will be dealt with for general Fano resonance phenomena in metasurfaces. An array of metallic nano-antennas in a reflective scheme excites the Fano resonance and solves the problem of what was considered a classic trade-off problem in Fano-resonant metasurfaces. A new type of amplitude-based application for switching resonant modes, Fano and dipole resonances, is also proposed via an oblique incidence without any change of geometric structures. The reflective Fano-resonant metasurface has another feature that can delay the phase by controlling the thickness of the dielectric spacer between the metallic nano-antennas and ground backplane. Based on the modeling of two coupled oscillator system, the working principle capable of phase modulation covering from 0 to 2π is discussed. Phase modulation based on the Fano resonance shows band-selective characteristics with extremely small full-width-half-maximums. Based on this Fano-resonant metasurface, a band-selective optical demultiplexer will be demonstrated which distinguishes broadband incident light by deflecting target wavelengths at different angles.
I expect that this dissertation can lead to the development of optical devices based on Fano resonances beyond the existing limited applications. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the various controllability of Fano resonances, and is expected to motivate new research flows to expand Fano resonance-based applications.