As demand for charging EV(Electric Vehicle)s increases, complaints about the lack of charging stations are growing. However it is practically difficult to install and supply charging stations in a short period of time, and to determine a location to ...
As demand for charging EV(Electric Vehicle)s increases, complaints about the lack of charging stations are growing. However it is practically difficult to install and supply charging stations in a short period of time, and to determine a location to installing fast charging stations.Many Factors should be considered to dtermine appropriate location for fast charging stations due these significantly large electronic power load. So far, easiness to install them is the most important criteria of consideration for the location determination, This is why the place where the most of fast charging stations has been installed is the public parking lot, which is easy to install. However, such a way to determine the location could make EV users to experience inconvenience in using charging stations which may far from their ideal location. Those results of a survey intended for commuters in Seoul showed that the most significant problem was the lack of charging infrastructure.
To solve these problems, existing literature was reviewed. In conventional studies didn't consider existing charging stations in analyzing actual target sites or use optimization algorithms, and overseas studies showed characteristics that were different from the domestic environment or applied optimization method to toy networks. Therefore, this study established a research method for selecting locations through Composite Indicator and conducted an optimal location selection analysis in Seoul.
The factors used in the previous literature were applied to calculate the IP(installation potential) score by using the Composite Indicator. The higher IP scores, the more disproportionate the point of demand and the installation point of the charging station. The optimization is to determine the optimal location by minimizing the sum of the IP scores. In order to utilize the previously derived evaluation methods for the analysis, data were processed in the form of 500m square cells using Open API or QGIS. weights of the factors were calculated through AHP when evaluating the IP scores.
According to the location determination based on existing charging stations in Seoul, the location (the square cell) with the high IP scores is located nearby the main street, places with a large floating population, a large floor area, and places with long distance for the nearest charging station. If 189 existing charging stations were relocated according to optimization, the sum of IP scores of the existing fast charging stations decreased by 14.1%. It showed that the location of the existing fast charging stations was determined without consideration of charging demand or convenience of use. In addition, the difference between before and after IP scores of relocation was quantitatively identified, and the distance from the nearest charging station throughout Seoul decreased from 1.1 km to 0.8 km on average, expanding accessibility to charging stations.
It is assumed the analysis was supposed to relocate the existing fast charging stations. but, relocating the fast charging station is not feasible because it costs as much as new one. Therefore, I analyzed how many charging station should be installed to achieve the same effect as the relocation. The optimized location was determined based on the assumption of installing one to four new charging stations in each district, and the total IP scores was compared. As a result, one charging station for each district should be installed to achieve the same effect as the relocation, and the more charging stations, the less total IP scores of Seoul.
It was expected that this study could provide an appropriate location by applying optimization techniques and could be used as a basis for decision making when determining the location of fast charging stations.