EU의 독자제재에 관한 고찰 -짐바브웨, 기니, 부룬디, 튀니지, 이집트 사례연구 = A Study on the Unilateral Sanctions of the EU: Zimbabwe, Guinea, Burundi, Tunisia and Egypt

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The EU imposes, in the frame of the Common Foreign and Security Policy, one of the main policies of the Maastricht Treaty, the sanctions such as arms embargo, travel ban, economic and financial sanctions. It is remarkable that the European sanctions significantly increased from 2000, in particular from 2010. In 2017, 33 sanctions regimes in 2017 are implemented. The second particularity of the European sanction is that they became more independent from the UN　sanctions while the precedent EU sanctions were regarded as the complementary measures for the UN sanctions. Thirdly, when the EU sanction started, the states of the EU sanction were relatively in the better economic and political conditions to compare with those of the UN sanctions. The objectives of these sanctions are to protect and develop the democracy, the rule of law and the human rights. But, this research assumes that they were initiated by several states, on the one hand, which had important political and economic relation with these sanctioned countries and, on the other hand, which were ancient colonial countries of these countries. This assumption is different from the precedent researches according to which the EU sanctions are influenced by the economic relations than the political ones. In order to test these hypothesis, this paper focuses on the EU sanctions on African countries because the most of the EU sanctions are focused on African countries, about 36.3% of the whole countries under the EU sanction, and the most of them were colonized by the European countries. The most interesting thing is the independent EU sanctions on African countries which were implemented without the UN sanctions and which represent the particularities of the European ones. This article analyzes the independent EU sanctions on 5 countries(Zimbabwe, Guinea Republic, Burundi, Tunisia and Egypt) and political and economic relations with France, UK and Belgium. The finding is that the sanctions on these five countries were initiated by the ancient colonial countries. This tendency was strengthened by the political and economic interests of colonial countries in African country. And the independent EU sanctions are considered as an instrument of this purpose.

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