EU의 對러시아 경제제재와 이후 EU-러시아 무역관계의 변화 -對러시아 에너지 수입을 중심으로 = Development of EU-Russia Trade Relation after EU's Sanction on Russia and EU's Energy Import

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study pays attention to the fact that the EU is highly dependent on Russia for its fossil energy imports and it examines the development of EU-Russia trade after EU's sanction against Russia over Ukraine crisis. Before the sanction, Russia was EU's second largest importer and it used to import more than 70% of its energy imports from Russia. The latter exported 70% of its total energy export to the EU. The EU and Russia have a typical relation of consumer and supplier in fossil energy.
During the post sanction period (2013~2016), the EU's import from Russia fell by 43%. The fall of the import has been most notable in energy products which account for 70% of EU's total import from Russia; import of crude oil, natural gas and coal reduced by 54%, 44% and 29 % respectively. However, the decrease of energy import is small in terms of net mass (weight). Import of crude oil declined only by 1% and import of the natural gas increased by 6% rather than decreased. This discrepancy between imports in value and net mass is mainly due to a drastic slide in oil prices during the same period. In reality, EU's import volume from Russia did not decline, given the fall in prices.
Regarding EU's energy dependency on Russia, the EU Member States are still much dependent on the import from Russia for its energy products and the sanction did not change much the share of Russia in EU’s energy imports. This paper concludes that there has been no structural change in EU's energy dependence on Russia since the sanction. This means that the sanction was carefully designed in order not to affect EU-Russia relation in energy, while it drew a lot of attentions in international politics.
This sanction and related trade development provide useful implication for Korea's external policy, given Korea's geopolitic location and policy agenda, which requires a balanced approach between diplomatic cause, security and economic benefit.

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