보리의 잡종강세에 대한 연구 = The Degrees of Heterosis and Hetrobeltiosis in F₁Hybrids of Barley

국문 초록 (Abstract)

6조맥 4품종, 2조맥 3품종으로 각각 이면 교잡하여 얻은 F₁잡종으로 각 형질에 대한 Heterosis와 Heterobeltiosis 의 정도를 산출한 결과는 다음과 같다.
6조맥에 있어서 각 형질별의 Heterosis는 간장· 절간직경·망장·지엽장·1000립중이 Ⅰ·Ⅱ집단에서 정의 강세를 보였고, 분얼수·지엽폭·1수립수는 Ⅰ·Ⅱ집단에서 부로 나타났다. Heterobeltiosis는 지엽장과 1000립중이 Ⅰ·Ⅱ집단에서 정의 강세를 보인 반면 간장·분얼수·절간직경·망장·지엽폭·1수립수는 Ⅰ·Ⅱ집단에서 부의 현상이었다. 6조맥의 교배조합에 있어서 2 × 3(Suwon #6 × Samdugjeonbug #45)조합은 Heterosis에서 간장이 11.73, 절간직경이 6.75, 망장이 88.27, 지엽장이 36.10, 1000립중이 23.45%로 정의 강세를 보였고, Heterobeltiosis에서 간장이 7.52, 절간직경이 3.25, 망장이 51.66, 지엽장이 29.95, 1000립중이 21.66%로 각각 정의 강세를 보였다.
2조맥에서 각 형질별의 Heterosis는 지엽장·지엽폭·1수립수·1000립중이 Ⅰ·Ⅱ집단에서 정의 강세를 보였고, 간장·분얼수·망장이 부로 표현되었다. Heterobeltiosis는 절간지경과 1수립수가 Ⅱ집단에서 정의 강세를, 간장·분얼수·망장·지엽장·지엽폭·1000립중이 Ⅰ·Ⅱ집단에서 부의 현상이었다. 2조맥의 교배조합에 있어서 2 × 3(Cygen × Plumage)조합은 Heterosis에서 1수립수가 24.27, 1000립중이 17.45%이고, Heterobeltiosis에서 1수립수가 4.74, 1000립중이 3.81%로 각각 정의 강세를 보였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was conducted by reciprocal diallel crosses using four six-rowed barley and three two-rowed barley to observe the degrees of heterosis and heterobeltiosis from F₁hybrid. The results obtained were as follows. In the six-rowed barley positive heterosis was observed in culm length, culm diameter, awn length, length of flag leaf, and 1000 grain weight from population Ⅰ and Ⅱ, while negative heterosis was showed in tiller number, leaf width, and number of grains per spike from population Ⅰ and Ⅱ, Moreover, positive heterobeltiosis was found in length of flag leaf and 1000 grain weight from population Ⅰ and Ⅱ, but negative heterobeltiosis was showed in culm length, tiller number, culm diameter, awn length, leaf width, and number of grains per spike from population Ⅰ and Ⅱ. In the cross of six-rowed barley Suwon #6 × Samdugjeonbug #45 combination showed positive heterosis as 11.73 percent in culm length, 6.75 in culm diameter, 88.27 in awn length, 36.10 in length of flag leaf, and 23.45 in 1000 grain weight. Also, in the same combination positive heterobeltiosis was observed as 7.52 percent in culm length, 3.25 inculm diameter, 51.66 in awn length, 29.95 in length of flag leaf, and 21.66 in 1000 grain weight, In the two-rowed barley positive heterosis was showed in length of flag leaf, leaf width, number of grains per spike, and 1000 grain weight from population Ⅰ and Ⅱ, while negative heterosis was found in culm length, tiller number, and awn length. Moreover, positive heterobeltiosis was showed in culm diameter and number of grains per spike from population Ⅱ, but negative heterobeltiosis was showed in culm length, tiller number, awn length, length of flag leaf, leaf width, and 1000 grain weight from population Ⅰ and Ⅱ. In the cross of two-rowed barley, Cygne × Plumage combination showed positive heterosis as 24.27 percent in number of grains per spike and 17.45 in 1000 grain weight. Also, in the same combination positive heterobeltiosis was observed as 4.74 percent in number of grains per spike and 3081 in 1000 grain weight.