효과적인 연구과제중심운영제도(PBS)의 구현방안 연구 = A Study on the Methods for Effective Realization of Project Base System

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1. Objective of study
The Project Base System(PBS) by Korean Government was introduced as a value-based system for planning, making-up, distribution, and contract of research funds of national research and development projects. The system has been evaluated as one of the best alternatives among various systems that had been tried, so far. However, the majority of researchers do not believe that it does not reflect well the reality of present national R&D system. Therefore an in-depth re-evaluation of current PBS became necessary.
The objective of this study is to derive effective improvement methods through analyzing introduction and enforcement of PBS, its influence on management of Government-Supported Research Institutes("GSRIs"), and researcher's thoughts about the system.
2. Method of Study
In order to develop the study, the analysis of actual condition was performed and the analysis method was deivided into two fields ; one is a numerical analysis through the survey of some economic indexes, and the other is a qualitative analysis through individaul interviewing(including telephone interviewing) with some researchers of several GSRIs.
A numerical analysis is to understand the influence of PBS on GSRIs through changes of research funds, personnel composition, income and expenditure, etc. The data for this analysis were collected through budget bill, a find sttlement report, an audit report of GSPIs, and related policy reports. etc.
A qualitative analysis is to underdtand the thoughts that researchers in the front line feel on PBS. This analysis is useful to recognize the problems with which PBS is confronted and to supplement the numerical analysis method which may bring incorrect results. Direction of interviewing is divided into five fields and each major field consists of detailed items.
The measurement field are as the followings ;
1) degree of recognition about PBS,
2) researchers' attitude about total cost system of PBS,
3) researchers' attitude on project investigator and project oriented system of PBS,
4) problems of current PBS that researchers feel,
5) researchers' attitude on the government policy.
The results of the interviewing show that not only excellency of the system itself byt also researchers' acceptance attitude about the system are very important for effective realization of PBS.
3. Analysis of Actual Condition
The results of above mentioned analysis are summarized as follows;
1) An introduction of PBS has strengthened the competitive power of insititutes more than previously,
2) As the weight of the institute's native prohects become reduced, researchers bdcome more uneasy and th management direction of institute became uncertain,
3) Excessive competition for acceptance of projects worsened the quality of the research results,
4) Absence of consistency of the government policy deprived self-motivated will of researchers and resulted in great confusion,(e.g. yearly change of estimating method for overhead rate, frequent alterations of the science and techology policy, and etc.)
5) Relative decrease of institute's native project funds, increase of researcher personnels in contrast to support personnels, reducing of overhead costs in all institutes, and etc.
6) Researchers answered favorably about PBS system itself and its introduction intention. But they showed a cool attitude on other main aspects of the interviewed subjects.
As mentioned above, most researcher answere negatively about questions. This result shows that the study is proving the validity of the purpose.
4. Effective Realization Methods of PBS
On the basis of the analysis results, this study suggests effective realization methods of PBS as follows ;
1) applicationa of overhead rate by GSRI's native characteristics,
2) relaxatio of restricted paricipation rate of each resercher,
3) through enforcement of research contract system and yearly pay system,
4) systematic construction of MIS in GSRIs,
5) steady support of the GSRI's native project costs,
6) Consistent fulfillemtnt of government policy,
7) endeavor to enlargement of trust projects from company except for government.
Although many improvement methods were suggested, a successful enforcement of PBS can't be guaranteed unless researchers' negative attitudes against the system would be changed to favorable stance. So, an active promotion of PBS by institute and government is shown to have absolute importance.
5. Conculsion
If PBS and circumstances around the system are improved by utilizing findings of the study, the management efficiency of GSRIs will be enhanced and the motivation for study of researchers will be raised.
Above all, this study would contribute to effective distribution of the limited national R&D budgets.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 제 1 장 서론 = 1
• 제 1 절 문제의 제기 = 1
• 제 2 절 연구의 목적 = 3
• 제 3 절 연구의 방법 및 내용 = 4
• 제 2 장 정부출연연구기관 및 연구과제중심운영제도의 개요 = 6
• 제 1 절 정부출연연구기관의 개요 = 6
• 1. 정부출연연구기관의 특성 = 6
• 2. 정부출연연구기관의 설립동기 및 변화 = 7
• 3. 정부출연연구기관의 현황 = 8
• 제 2 절 연구과제중심운영제도의 개요 = 10
• 1. 연구과제중심운영제도(Project Base System : PBS)의 개요 = 10
• 2. PBS하의 연구개발원가 구조 = 12
• 3. PBS의 도입배경 및 적용대상 = 17
• 4. PBS의 특성 = 20
• 5. 국가연구개발사업에서의 PBS의 도입방향 = 21
• 6. PBS의 도입에 따른 출연(연)의 변화 = 23
• 제 3 장 선진국 연구소의 PBS 적용사례 = 26
• 1. 미국 에너지부(DOE) 산하의 국립연구소 = 26
• 2. 우리 나라 PBS화의 차이점 = 33
• 제 3 장 PBS의 실태분석 및 시행상의 문제점 = 36
• 제 1 절 PBS 실태분석의 목적 = 36
• 제 2 절 계량적인 실태분석 = 38
• 1. 인원구성의 변화 = 38
• 2. 수입의 변화 = 39
• 3. 지출의 변화 = 40
• 4. 연구사업 구조의 변화 = 43
• 5. 논문 및 특허의 증가 = 44
• 제 3 절 비계량적인 실태분석 = 46
• 1. 면접에 의한 자료수집 = 46
• 2. 면접의 결과분석 = 48
• 제 4 절 PBS의 시행상의 문제점 = 53
• 1. 기관고유사업비의 감소 = 53
• 2. 과중한 연구수주 경쟁에 따른 연구의 질 저하 = 54
• 3. 불공정한 경쟁여건 = 55
• 4. 참여율의 제한 = 56
• 5. 연구원들의 부정적인 시각 = 57
• 6. 과학기술부만 연구과제중심운영제도를 시행 = 57
• 7. 정부정책의 일관성 부제 = 58
• 제 4 장 PBS의 효과적인 구현 방안 = 59
• 제 1 절 제도적인 측면 = 60
• 1. 간접비 산정방안의 보관 = 60
• 2. 인센티브 지급방식 및 평가시스템의 개선 = 63
• 3. 참여율 관리방식의 발전적인 개선 = 64
• 제 2 절 기관운영 측면 = 66
• 1. 연구원들의 신뢰감 회복 = 66
• 2. 연봉제·계약제의 철저한 시행 = 66
• 3. 연구책임자의 참여연구원에 대한 인사권 보장 = 67
• 4. 수탁사업의 증대 노력 = 67
• 5. MIS의 체계적인 구축 = 68
• 제 3 절 정책적인 측면 = 69
• 1. 기관고유사업비의 안정적인 지원 = 69
• 2. PBS의 범부처적인 확대시행 및 연구비 산정기준의 정비 = 70
• 3. 정부정책의 일관성 유지 = 70
• 4. 공정갱쟁을 위한 여건의 마련 = 71
• 제 5 장 결론 = 72
• 제 1 절 연구결과의 요약 = 72
• 제 2 절 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구과제 = 75
• 참고문헌 = 77
• 부록 = 79
• ABSTRACT = 82