경쟁력 제고와 사회 통합을 위한 유럽연합의 평생학습 전략과 시사점 = The Development and Tasks of Lifelong Learning in European Union

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 유럽연합(EU)의 평생학습 추진실태를 분석하고, 평생학습이 국가발전에 어떠한 기능과 역할을 수행하는지를 분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 유럽연합(EU)의 평생학습은 하나의 공동체로 형성된 유럽의 사회적 안정을 가져오고 세계에서 가장 경쟁력 있고 역동적인 지식기반경제 체제로 만들겠다는 목표로 경쟁력과 고용 및 사회통합을 달성하기 위한 하나의 전략으로 채택되었다. 리스본 전략으로 구체화된 2010 교육훈련에서 평생학습 정책은 2010년도까지 4주간 평생학습 참여율을 12.5%까지 끌어 올려 고용률을 70%까지 달성하겠다는 계획이다. 또한 다양한 학습 결과의 투명성과 호환성을 갖추기 위하여 유럽자격체제(EQF)를 설정하였으며, 자격의 통용성을 확보하기 위하여 유럽자격인증체계(ECTS)를 마련하였다. 이러한 일련의 노력에도 불구하고 중간년도인 2006년도의 5대 교육지표에서 이공계 대학 졸업자 비율만 목표치에 도달하였고 나머지 분야에서는 모두 목표치에 미달하였다. 특히 평생학습 참여율은 10.8%에 불과하였으며 동구권 국가의 경우 5%대에 지나지 않았다. EU의 2010년을 목표로 하는 평생학습 정책은 학습사회를 구축하기 위한 다양한 시사점을 제시하고 있다. 사회통합과 학습복지를 추구하는 평생학습사회를 구축하기 위하여 ①초기학습의 강조, ②국가자격체계 설정, ③소외계층의 학습 지원, ④모든 학습 결과의 호환시스템 구축, ⑤평생학습 재정 확충, ⑤평생학습 네트워크 구축 등이 필요하다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper reviews the development process and policy tasks of lifelong learning in European Union(EU). It in particular focuses on the roles of lifelong learning for national development. The lifelong education in the EU has been developed as an national strategy for social security, competitive economy, employment promotion, and social integration. The EU has developed the European credit transfer and accumulation system, the key competences for lifelong learning, and European qualification framework(EQF). From 2011, the EU lifelong education system will be reorganized by the new paradigms and principles of EQF. These efforts of the EU provides Korean educators with the following policy ideas and suggestions: (1) early learning, (2) national qualification system, (3) educational supports for the disadvantaged, (4) credit transfer system for lifelong learning, (5) the strategies for financial expansion, and (5) networking for lifelong learning.

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