경주지역 신라 사찰 전래 석조의 용도와 욕실 = The Usage of Stone Basin and the Bathroom Transmitted from Silla's Buddhist temples Located in Gyeongju

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Generally, the view of Stone Basin (石槽) as a tool used to store water needed for drinking or cooking is dominant. It is, however, problematic to analyze Stone Basin as a facility related to water for cooking because the relics in which Stone Basin has remained are limited to those of Buddhist temples. This means that we should examine the characteristics of Stone Basin in relation to the lifestyle of monks in a temple which is differentiated from that of the ordinary.
In monks’ routine grounded on cultivation, Buddhist service, and rituals, the cleanliness of the body is stressed. Reflecting this, Yuljang prescribes that monks in a Buddhist temple should take a bath once per 15 days at least. Before a special Buddhist service or ritual, monks had to bathe more often, and the procedure and principle of bathing were fixed as norms for life in a Buddhist temple. As we can see it from the organization of Childanggaram established by the Zen sect, the bathroom was an essential building of a Buddhist temple. Accordingly, there is a possibility that Basin Basin was a stone-made thing associated with the bathroom of a Buddhist temple.
According to the results of dividing the exterior features of Stone Basin remaining in Gyeongju into four types and analyzing them, contrarily to the previous perception, a fact that Stone Basin was a stone-made thing installed indoors has been found. Also, among the four types of Stone Basin, it has been learned that two types were arranged in the center or the central wall of the building, which implies the possibility that the building where Stone Basin was installed was not the kitchen but the bathroom.
As a literature supporting the fact that Stone Basin is a stone-made thing associated with the bathroom of a Buddhist temple, 『Gojeok』 in Beomeo temple, Busan says Stone Basin is in the bathroom (沐浴院), Beomeo temple. Also, concerning materials actually excavated through digs, the site of a building estimated to have been a bathroom in Godal temple site in Yeoju and Hoeam temple site in Yangju has Stone Basin still remaining. To sum up the results above, Stone Basin transmitted in a Buddhist temple was a bathtub installed in the bathroom of a Buddhist temple.

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