한반도 주먹도끼 유사성에 대해서 = A Reconsideration of the Handaxe Similarity in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

On the basis of a Eurocentric perspective, handaxes from Korea like others from the east of Movius Line (ML) have been known as non-typical handaxes. These are not usually known as typical Acheulean handaxes, but known as other appellations such as putative handaxes, protohandaxes, or non-classic handaxes. Conversely, various authors have studied the validity of morpho-typological similarities, with those from the west of ML. These efforts have led to various comparative studies between those from the east and west of ML. However a series of results show juxtaposed characteristic features. It means that only partial similarities have been examined.
Such juxtaposed similarities lead to another question. It is necessary to determine how the similarity can be interpreted. Causes of the directional process making such similarities must be verified. These similarities can be regarded as the results of the (direct) ancestor-descendant process or the convergence process. In other words, newly formulated cultural entities should come from somewhere else or independently.
Updated Korean data show that handaxe assemblage should be perceived as two separate entities. These are chronologically separated indeed. Also, a different lineage process may had occurred. The early phase of handaxes assemblage, might be brought by the convergence process. However, a question to consider is if the later phase of handaxes assemblage should be regarded as the same uniform process. The latter ones are much like recursive and these are normally incorporated with blade and micro-blade assemblages. From this perspective, handaxes assemblage in Korea are not necessarily seen as only one coherent cultural entity.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

한반도 주먹도끼의 주요 담론 중 하나인 ‘전형적인 주먹도끼와 얼마나 유사한가’는 현재도 논의되고 있다. 그간의 양적·질적 고고자료 확대에도 이는 변함없는 중심 담론으로 자리 잡고 있다. 최근 수치적, 통계적 유사함이 논의되어 오고 있고 최소한 부분적인 유사성을 부정할 수는 없다. 그러나 유사함을 어떻게 이해하여야 하는 문제는 상대적으로 조망을 크게 받지 않았다.
유사성 연구 대상으로서 형태를 벗어나 그 형태를 이루게 하는 석기기술양태 그리고 형태의 시·공간적 배치 등에서 한반도 주먹도끼군은 이른바 전형적인 지역뿐 아니라 동아시아의 다른 지역의 주먹도끼들과 차이성이 관찰된다. 한반도 주변 지역과의 형태적 속성은 일부 공유할지 몰라도 석기기술양태의 전개 순서와 방향은 동일하다고 보기 힘들다. 공간적 변이와 함께 시간적 변이도 주목해야 될 부분이다. 최근 조사는 최초 출현보다도 최후 존속하였던 시기가 더 주목된다. 또한 출현과 소멸 사이가 과연 지속인지에 대한 의문도 들고 있다. 이를 이해하기 위해서는 주먹도끼변이를 상사성의 측면에서 살펴볼 필요가 있다.

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