현대문학 : 홍일선의 농민시에 나타난 땅에 관한 고찰 = The Study for Land Motif in Hong Il-seon`s Peasant Poetry

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study briefly considered the formation of the meaning structure for ``land`` that is the core motif in the peasant poetry of Hong Il-seon, folk and literary peasant poet, in 1980`s. The ``land`` is making the whole network of identification with human beings or animals and plants in Hong Il-seon`s poetry. Simultaneously, it confirmed the duty function as an essential constituent which shows the confrontation consciousness that points out and criticises the reality of peasantry life and rural lyricism. In short, it`s like the following. First, ``land`` has various kinds of meaning according to its relation with human beings. However, it is basically expressed by ``farmland`` and ``territory`` in that it has the properties of both ``peasant`` and ``race`` in Hong Il-seon`s poetry. Second, focusing on the relation with peasants, it is served as the correlative of their resentment and sorrow. It`s mainly expressed by the changing meaning with ``dark land`` due to the absurd auxiliary function of anti-peasantry people including civil capitalist, government, and officials etc. The similarities of the meaning with the dark lands are ``others`` land`, ``bloody land``, ``empty land``, ``frozen land``, ``bloodshot land``, and ``appealing land`` etc. Third, in terms of the relation with race, it is considered as ``the division land`` or ``the comprador land`` and in the same breath, it is served as the foregrounding motif for the independence consciousness about an anti-foreign country. However, it shows its limits in detail, logical inconsequence, extreme anger about the reality, harsh curses, criticism or struggle and agitation propaganda with non expansive nationalistic attitude caused by unrealitic ideation. Fourth, the meaning of land that is made from the relation with people is applied to animals and plants. Hence, animals and plants are given shape to the fatal identification with peasants while they are living in ``the dark land``, as do the people who have to live in difficulty by virtue of being sacrificed by the organizational contradiction. Fifth, the animal motif results in pig, prog, crucian carp, locust, cattle dung insect, and firefly as well as cattle. However, it is doing duty as the important image to reinforce the confrontation consciousness including complaint, criticism, and conflict by making the harmony with peasants who are living in the ``gloomy, divided, and comprador land`` thoroughly. Sixth, the plant image makes the mainstream a sort of weed like wormwood, wild chrysanthemum, shepherd`s purse, dandelion, and so on. However, it is the objective co－relative which is making a companion sense of unity that has the characteristic of wisdom for the overcoming of the reality as the communication partner that responds to peasants with feelings. By making the identical relation with peasants, it becomes the symbol of affection and yearning. Additionally, it appears by and large as the representative image forming the ``peasantry lyricism``. Land is the eternal hometown and mother of human beings. However, the real meaning is focused on Hong Il-seon`s prospect-peasant poet-sterile and uncomfortable ``dark land``. That`s mainly because the organizational contradiction didn`t act to create a good network between peasants and land. The aspect of conflict is the trait of Hong Il-seon`s poetry. The trouble was that the realistic peasant poetry showed specifically the will of overcoming reality when it is combined both with the peasant`s actual life and the details of anguish. In addition to, it dulled the edge of the literary sense by expressing the irrational solution approach schematically, when it confronts the unrealistic ideal ideation.

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