Assessment of the effectiveness of youth development fund among youth in Manyoni District Council in Tanzania = 탄자니아 만요니 지역의 청년개발기금의 유용성 평가|RISS 상세보기

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of Youth Development Fund (YDF) in Manyoni District Council among Youth in Tanzania. The specific objectives of the study were to document the category of youth groups that have access to YDF in, examine the influence of youth to engage in YDF, measure the extent of demand for fund among youth groups by category of business and document any challenges facing youth in accessing YDF in Manyoni District. The study used a cross sectional design with different data collection methods such as survey, interviews and document review. The main sample size of the study was youth groups and youth who have access to YDF, and they were about 351. The data were analyzed using different approaches such as descriptive, content analysis and binary Logistic model in SPSS version 20. Based on the study, it was found that youth access to loans issued by YDF in Manyoni Council is still low and there are limited efforts to stimulate the involvement of youths in development activities. There are few youth groups formed and which have access to YDF. In addition, the amount of loans provided to youth is still limited where of recent the maximum fund provided to youth group stood at 7.5 M shillings. Since the inception of the YDF program me there has been a number of challenges facing the YDF, these are insufficient amount of YDF loans provided, delays in loan disbursement and low scope and coverage of entrepreneurship skills training. Youth who are at least form four leavers have great likelihood of forming strong groups and have great accessibility to loans. In addition, access to funds by youth is influenced by training in financial management, the youth`s attitude towards entrepreneurship, the group dynamics and the disbursement procedures. Based on the findings the study recommends the following: -The government and the district should increase the amount of fund allocated for YDF program me in order to improve access and utilization of loans. This will motivate many youths who are graduate to form groups and to apply for the micro-finance. The district should inset in building the capacity of youth groups in different areas such as business management, marketing, financial management and ICT. This will help to increase their capacity to manage business.

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목차 (Table of Contents)

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 10
1.3 Objectives of the Study 11
1.3.1 Major objective 11

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 10
1.3 Objectives of the Study 11
1.3.1 Major objective 11
1.3.2 Specific objectives 12
1.4 Research Questions 13
1.5 Research Hypotheses 13
1.6 Significance of the Study 13
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 15
2.1 Overview 15
2.1.1 Development 15
2.1.2 Youth Development Fund 15
2.1.3 Employment 16
2.1.4 Youth 16
2.2 Theories 17
2.2.1 Youth entrepreneurship theory 17
2.2.2 Economic empowerment theory 20
2.2.3 Free market economy theory 22
2.2.4 Public choice theory 25
2.2.5 Social capital theory 25
2.3 Empirical Review 26
2.3.1 Youth development challenges in Tanzania 26
2.3.2 Entrepreneurship and youth employment 27
2.3.3 Entrepreneurship status in the world 36
2.3.4 Motivations to start business among youth 47
2.3.5 Challenges facing youth in business start-up 53
2.3.6 Training and business development services 56
2.3.7 Accessibility of youth to YDF loans 58
2.3.8 Youth involvement in development activities 74
2.3.9 Training in financial management and accessibility of YDF 74
2.3.10 Youth`s attitude towards entrepreneurship and accessibility of YEDF 87
2.3.11 Group dynamics and accessibility of YDF 91
2.3.12 Disbursement procedures and accessibility of YDF 93
2.3.13 Role of YDF on youth development 102
2.3.14 The performance of YDF in Tanzania 103
2.3.15 Factors influencing youth development activities 104
2.3.16 YDF loan repayment 107
2.3.17 Implications for policy and program me design 107
2.3.18 Types of successful youth enterprise policies and promotion programmes 108
2.3.19 Youth policies 109
2.3.20 Youth enterprise promotion programmes 110
2.3.21 Weaknesses of existing youth entrepreneurship support programmes 116
2.3.22 Policy reforms on youth development and empowerment 117
2.4 Conceptual Framework 118
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY 120
3.1 Study Area 120
3.2 Study Design 122
3.3 Study Population 122
3.4 Sampling and Sample Size 123
3.4.1 Sampling of officials 123
3.5 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria 123
3.5.1 Inclusion criteria 124
3.5.2 Exclusion Criterion 124
3.6 Recruitment and Training of Research Assistants 124
3.7 Data Collection Methods and Tools 125
3.8 Validity and Reliability 125
3.9 Data Processing, Analysis and Presentation 126
3.9.1 Data Analysis 127
3.9.2 Theory and hypothesis testing 129
3.9.3 Presentation of results 130
CHAPTER FOUR: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 131
4.1 Overview 131
4.2 Profile of Respondents 131
4.2.1 Sex of respondents 131
4.2.2 Level of education of respondents 132
4.2.2 Age of respondents 133
4.2.3 Marital status of respondents 133
4.2.4 Types of business 134
4.2 Situation of Youth Development Policy in Tanzania 136
4.3 Factors influencing Youth to access YDF 139
4.3.1 Formation of groups 139
4.3.2 Time to get loans 143
4.3.3 Use of entrepreneurship for poverty reduction 144
4.3.3.1 Analysis of other factors that are Not significant 146
4.4 Dynamics of Youth Groups that have Access to YDF in Manyoni District 147
4.4.1 Overview 147
4.4.2 Groups in the District 147
4.3.3 Youth groups accessing YDF 148
4.4 Extent of Youth Groups by Category of Business Demanding for YDF in Manyoni District 150
4.4.1 Youth group with access to loans 2018 150
4.4.2 Youth groups accessed loans from YDF in 2019 151
4.4.3 Youth group accessed loans from YDF in 2020 152
4.5 Challenges Facing Youth in Accessing YDF in Manyoni District 153
4.5.1 Access to funds 153
4.5.2 Training on marketing 155
4.5.3 Group dynamics 156
4.5.4 Limited funds and disbursement process 157
4.5.5 Legal and business, environment challenges and Mindset of youth 158
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS 160
5.1 Overview 160
5.2 Conclusion 160
5.3 Policy Recommendations 161
5.4 Areas for Further Research 167
REFERENCES 168
LINKS 208
APPENDICES 209

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