The past ten years represent an explosive growth in the synthesis, characterization, and application of mesoporous carbon spheres (MCS). It exhibits several unique features such as regular geometry, good liquidity, tunable porosity and controllable pa...
The past ten years represent an explosive growth in the synthesis, characterization, and application of mesoporous carbon spheres (MCS). It exhibits several unique features such as regular geometry, good liquidity, tunable porosity and controllable particle size distribution as a compared to powders or flakes, and therefore these innovative materials present a great utilitarian value for catalysis, adsorption, water and air purification, energy storage and conversion. Various synthetic strategies including templating, hydrothermal carbonization, emulsion polymerization, and self-assembly have been developed for the preparation of MCS. Among the traditional synthetic strategies, the evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) is a feasible way to control porosity of inorganic materials. EISA method has great advantage to synthesize Mesoporous carbons. Nevertheless, the resulting materials of EISA always possess large irregular particle morphologies. Synthesizing shape-controlled mesoporous materials by EISA has been challenging issue. To control particle morphology, EISA has been combined with other templating method to synthesize MCS, which eliminate the strength of EISA.
In this study, we developed one-pot synthetic route of MCS by EISA by combining blockcopolymer (BCP)/homopolymer blend phase separation. Polyethylene oxide?b-polystyrene (PEO-b-PS) BCP (Mw = 45,000, PEO 18.8 wt%) was prepared by Atomic Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP). The Polystyrene with large molecular weight (Mw = 350,000) was used to derive macrophase separation between BCP phase and homopolymer phase. The macrophase separation driven by polystyrene made spherical region of BCP phase where microphase separation occurs. Thermosetting polymer, phenolic resin (Mw ~ 500), was selectively incorporated into PEO block and converted to carbon wall after high-temperature annealing in N2. The MCS by this method has unique closed pore structure which was effective to lithium-sulfur cathode. The MCS/sulfur composite cathode showed much higher areal capacity in lithium-sulfur battery than traditional bulk mesoporous carbon/sulfur composite cathode.