CRM 몰입과 조직문화가 CRM 성과에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of CRM Commitment and Organizational Culture on CRM Performance

국문 초록 (Abstract)

1990년대 중반 이후 기업의 마케팅활동에 있어 경쟁우위를 지속하기 위한 핵심요소로 고객관계관리(CRM)의 중요성이 크게 부각되었다. 최근 들어 CRM 성과에 대한 회의론이 퍼지면서 학계에서는 어떤 경우 CRM이 소기의 성과를 성취할 수 있는가에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 연구추세에 따라 CRM 성과가 CRM 몰입과 조직문화로 대변되는 몇 가지 조직특성에 의해 영향을 받을 수 있음을 가설로 제시하고 검증하고 있다. 본 연구는 CRM 성과를 고객성과와 업무성 과로 구분하고 이들 성과에 최고경영자의 몰입, 전략적 준비성, CRM 투자, 변화에 대한 저항, 부서간 협력, 고객지향성의 여섯 가지 조직특성변수가 미치는 영향을 분석하고 있다.
123명의 국내 CRM 담당자를 대상으로 한 서베이분석 결과, 상당수의 조직특성변수가 CRM 성과변수인 업무성과와 고객성과에 직접 혹은 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. CRM 투자가 많을수록 CRM 성과의 두 차원, 즉 업무성과와 고객성과가 향상되는 것으로 나타났으며 CRM 투자가 많아지기 위해서는 최고경영자의 CRM에 대한 몰입과 기업의 전략적 준비성이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기업의 고객지향성이 높을수록 업무성과가 향상되는 것으로 나타났으며 고객지향성은CRM 투자와 부서간 협력이 증가할수록 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 업무성과의 향상에 의해 고객성과가 높아지고 있음도 확인하고 있다. ‘변화에 대한 저항’의 경우에는 여타 선행변수나 CRM 성과에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 이상의 분석결과를 토대로 국내기업의 CRM 성과를 향상시키기 위한 전략적 시사점을 연구의 한계와 함께 제시하고 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to identify the organizational characteristics that enhance CRM performances of a company. Based on a review of diverse definitions of CRM performance, this study examines the relationships among CRM performance measures and organizational characteristics.
A questionnaire survey of 123 CRM managers of Korean companies was conducted to test the proposed research model, and a series of structural equation modeling identified the strong effects of organizational characteristics on CRM performance. It was found that top management commitment to CRM and a firm's strategic readiness lead to high levels of CRM investment, which, in turn, enhance directly task-related performance and indirectly customer-related performance. This study
also confirmed that customer orientation is significantly related to task-related CRM performance and that the variables of CRM commitment and organizational culture may enhance customerrelated performance indirectly through their effects on the task-related performance. However, organizational members' resistance to change was found to have no effects on CRM performance. Overall our research broadly supports the role of organizational characteristics revealed in the CRM literature.

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