Lactobacillus casei is a kind of lactic acid bacteria, and a part of the commensal microbial flora of the intestinal tract of humans and mammals. Influenza infection is a acute respiratory disease world-wide. Due to high genetic variability, the avail...
Lactobacillus casei is a kind of lactic acid bacteria, and a part of the commensal microbial flora of the intestinal tract of humans and mammals. Influenza infection is a acute respiratory disease world-wide. Due to high genetic variability, the availability of vaccines and antiviral agents against influenza virus is limited. The site of influenza virus entry is the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, and influenza is susceptible to immunocompromised people. Because probiotics enhance mucosal immunity and activate immune system, they can be an important protective candidate against influenza infection.
In this study, experiments to identify immunological effects of Lactobacillus casei were done. 2 groups of mice were administered Lactobacillus casei or non-fat milk and inoculated influenza virus intranasally. In proinflammatory cytokine analysis, there was no difference between 2 groups. IgA, an important antibody in mucosal immunity, increased highly in BAL fluid of L.casei group. CD8 T cell which is involved in cellular immunity increased significantly in spleen and mediastinal lymph node of the L.casei group. On pathological examination, severe pneumonia including massive hemorrhage, severe infiltration of immune cells, consolidation was seen in mock group, whereas moderate pneumonia was seen in L.casei group.
In summary, L.casei has immunomodulatory effects on influenza virus infection that enhance production of Immunoglobin A, activation and proliferation of CD8 T cells.