국가와 국경을 넘는 유럽 사회주의 형성의 또 하나의 길: 브누아 말롱 (1871-1878) = Another Route of European Formation of Socialism : Benoît Malon (1871-1878)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

What was the ideological aftermath of the Paris Commun insurrection, particularly following the military bloodshed and oppression of 1871? Were the outcomes a large number of fatalities and a resounding defeat, or was it followed by the search for a new horizon of socialism, even if invisible? The article begins with this problematic issue and aims to establish a plausible example grounded in the facts. One of the representative communard Benoît Malon's exile itinerary was studied in that sens. He was in fact a reflexive autodidact as well as an experienced worker communard. To embrace his route in 1870s, the article is composed of three geographically different areas: Switzerland, Italy and Belgium. However, these three axes are sufficiently interconnected by the existence and movements of the International Working Men's Association. It was the IWMA that linked Malon's intellectual and socialist experiences, before and after the Commune. His concern and agitation as a delegate from the Paris section of the IWMA went through, in spite of the conflict between the London General Council and Bakunin's anti-authoritarian position reclaimed by the Jura Federation. Though he was inclined towards anarchism, Malon did not take any firm position on this struggle; rather, his legal and realistic principles was confirmed face to the Italian anarchism. In sum it is reenforced from collectivist theory elaborated by his close friend and leader of Belgian socialism, César de Paepe. Most remarkable in Benoit Malon's exile period was his relentless pursuit for tomorrow's socialism not confined to economic reasoning.

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