신라말 고려초의 강릉호족(江陵豪族) 왕순식(王順式) = Wang, Sunsik, the powerful family in Gangneung between the late Silla dynasty and the early Korea dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper is on the activities of Wang, Sunsik who was one of the powerful families in Gangneung between the late Silla dynasty and the early Korea. Up to now, it has been generally accepted in the academic world that Wang, Sunsik was one of Kim`s family in Gangneung or a descendent of Kim, Juwon, the King of Myeongju. But it is not based on the trustful historical sources. Such insistence lacks trust in that it is based on the family tree and some regional magazines published in the recent modern period, and it might be insisted without trust only from the fact that he was a powerful family in Gangneung area in the late Silla period. It is known that he was at first called without family name, which was very popular among regional powerful families in post-three kingdom period, and he started to use the family name, Wang, since he received it from Wang, Gun, as a reward of self-surrender. Moreover, Wang, Sunsik was not related to Kim, Juwon referring to family tree, and he had built his power by himself in his period, rather than depended on the power of Kim, Juwon. Wang, Sunsik had grown as a powerful family gathering his own executive power in Gangneung area before and after 900 year. This period was very chaotic, in 894 Gungye called himself General and built his power in Gangneung, but he moved from Gangneung to Cheolwon just within one year. After that, Wang, Gun expelled Gungye and moved the capital city from Cheolwon to Gaegyeong. Like this, both Gungye and Wang, Gun paid no attention to power in Gangneung area because they had to indulge in the power relation with post-Baekje and Silla. At that time, Wang, Sunsik can built his own executive power during the chaotic period. In the early Korea dynasty, Sunsik was as much powerful as he can compete against Wang, Gun. But as the national system of Korea got more stable, Sunsik eventuallysurrendered himself to Wang, Gun. The surrender of Wang, Sunsik to Korea was specially rewarded, distinct from other powerful families. The process of surrender had taken at least 10 years, and the reward of it was also the highest level exceptionally. It proves that Wang, Sunsik was much more powerful than other powerful families. Wang, Sunsik played the essential role in commanding his own executive military by himself in unification war with post-Baeje dynasty, after self-surrender of him to Korea. But the position of Wang, Sunsik seemed to be much weakened, after unification of three kingdoms. Besides Wang, Sunsik, both Ye and Gyeong among powerful families in Gangneung also received family name, Wang, from Wang, Gun. Among the three powerful families such as Wang, Sunsik family, Wang, Ye family and Wang, Gyeong family, it is recorded that both Wang, Ye family and Wang, Gyeong family had ever married Wang, Gun. Especially Wang, Ye was in charge of the position, Naesaryeong, his descents were also a member of aristocracy, and his family got more power. Meanwhile, there is no record on the descendents of Wang, Sunsik. It makes sense that they might be constrained from the central aristocracy of Korea or disappear by defeat of the competition among the powerful families.