Tearing fence down project(Green Parking Town) in Seoul is a parking policy to secure parking in lot vehicle owner himself, to recover parking order in
residential area, and to make nature-friendly residential environment; also, as a solution to seri...
Tearing fence down project(Green Parking Town) in Seoul is a parking policy to secure parking in lot vehicle owner himself, to recover parking order in
residential area, and to make nature-friendly residential environment; also, as a solution to serious parking problem, it has positively effective. However, since the
project started with concept of security parking lot, existed green area has replaced to park lot, so city environment of detached housing district has fallen more dreary form.
In this study, through analysis and forecast of city environment performance feature of detached housing district in Gangnam-Gu, we verified possibility of environmental improvement and provided improvement plan of city environment of detached housing district to realize it through the tearing fence down project.
Detached housing densely district in Ilwon-Deong, Gangnam-Gu was subjected to the study, and entire detached housing district was subjected to analyze and
forecast city environment performance; also, ecological feature like ecological area rate was detailed surveyed and analyzed in subject of 100 out of 360 which tearing fence down project was carried out within subjected area.
As a result of the analysis, 50%(233.50㎡) of highest decrease rate was shown in porous pavement rate compared to before the project operated, and decrease of
48%(947.88㎡) to green area rate and 36%(2,556.16㎡) to imporous pavement rate were shown; also, 88%(2,954.88㎡) increase was shown only in clearance porous pavement. Through the result, clearance porous pavement rate was judged to increase as green area rate, imporous pavement rate, and porous pavement rate were replaced to clay block and compact high pressure block for parking space after the project operated. In addition, imporous pavement rate held largest area in spite of its decrease after the project operated. Tearing fence down project
was analyzed brought increase pavement area as a result.
Temperature by surface, city temperature, evaporation amount, radiation amount, wind speed by height, and humidity changes were examined to forecast feature and changes of urban energy using AUSSSM 2.0 program and infrared camera. Imporous pavement area was shown 27.73∼65.31℃ highest, green area was shown 22.79∼49.96℃, and porous pavement area was shown 25.65∼38.82℃
in temperature by types of detached housing district in Ilwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu. Imporous pavement area was indicated very high temperature value compare to other areas.
In case of dried waste area, we set the surface temperature 0% green rate(before green) and 100% green rate(after green) in rooftop of building. As a result, before the green was 24.62∼46.06℃, and after green was 23.85∼33.58℃, so average 5.19℃ of temperature was decreased.
Frame hypothesis that change biotope type(case 1), rooftop green rate 100% in entire subject, increase 70%
green rate, and existed imporous pavement rate to porous pavement (case 2), then hourly temperature changes, evaporation rate, radiation rate, wind speed by height, and humidity changes were examined. All minimum value at 5am and maximum value at 1pm were indicated, and 31.24℃ was indicated at 1pm in case 1, and 30.81℃ was indicated in case 2; which indicated temperature differences of 0.43℃ in comparison maximum point. 28℃ was indicated in case 1, and 27.82℃ was indicated in case 2 in daily average temperature; generated approximately 0.2℃ of temperature changes.
Evaporation amount has correlation with temperature changes in city, and from 7am to 12pm, and 12pm showed highest in porous pavement area and green area in case 1, and evaporation rate of 0 was shown after 10pm in imporous pavement area. In case of case 2, rooftop green area was highest, and the order of green area, soil area, and imporous area were shown. -66.97∼613W/㎡ of
radiation amount was shown in case 1, and -41.18∼619.16W/㎡ in case 2. It is because existed imporous pavement like asphalt was changed to green, changes
of entire radiation amount increased somewhat.
Wind speed was increased as height from surface is higher. However, in case of case 2, 0.023m/s at 0.25m, 0.054m/s at 2.5m, 0.058m/s at 5.5m of decreases
were shown. It could be assumed that changes of wind speed was occur following by increase of green area. Humidity by height from surface was also
shown tendency of decrease as height from surface is higher like wind speed.
0.001kg/kg-da was increased at all 0.25m, 2.5m, and 5.5m from surface.
Generation of changes on humidity could be forecasted as green area increases in subjected area.
Temperature in each part was measured through infrared camera analysis with tearing fence down project. measurement types were divided into 4, and these
were whole views of side streets before the project(type1), whole views of side streets after the project(type2), comparison by ground pattern(type3), and green
wall face by trellis(type4). In type 1, asphalt area was 10℃ higher than green area and 5∼8℃ higher than wall composed by clay block. In type 2, Green area was 1∼20℃ lower than porous block and 0.5∼2.2℃ higher than trellis. It is because shade generated, temperature value of surface was lowered. In type 3, asphalt area was 1℃ higher than porous block area, and in type 4, asphalt area
showed 8∼15℃ of differences than green area. In other words, heat radiation of asphalt was highest, and did not show big differences with porous pavement.
And, it showed big temperature differences with clay block. It could be the differences of shade, and green area and trellis showed little differences on its value depending on differences on shade.
As a result of examination of entire city environment feature, before and after tearing fence down project, coating ground, changes in green area feature, as
increase of pavement surface for security parking space, amount of green area was decreased, and it created dreary mood in aspect of view and ecologically,
and the problems caused by decrease green area like increase surface temperature and city temperature, decrease radiation amount and evaporation amount were
occurred.
In case of green area amount, amount of neoabbottia was indicated 3.62 which decrease by 1.63, and calymmanthium was increase by 3.85 which is 11.94.
This shows neoabbottia was removed to secure parking space as the project progressed, but calymmanthium was planted in small space which neoabbottia cannot planted. In case of plant structure, 9 households were decreased from 66 households to 57 households double structure formed of neoabbottia and calymmanthium, and no plant house was increased by 3 from 11 households, so
it was indicated that double structure plants have been changed to single structure or no plant.
The research presented improvement plan to solve these problems in aspect of increase environment feature in detached housing district through dividing water
circulation aspect, green area aspect, and city environmental aspect.
In aspect of water circulation system, first, water resource could be saved by recycling water through getting through rain by porous pavement, ground coating or undercurrent trillion. Second, remove imporous pavement excluding parking space in house, and install gravel or green to secure the view and rain recycling; also, as building public space with neighbor, increase practical use of ecological,
and it could be chance to have community spirit with neighborhood.
For improvement plan in aspect of green area, secure maximum place to replace existing green area. For example, plan to secure maximum green area with green
wall and green rooftop with practical use of wall side of building through method of multi level green; also, install canopy in parking lot and plant vines to reduce direct sunlight to ground. Also, Plant neoabbottia in road and house boundary excluding entrance, and block off heat transfer, and build shade to lead to low temperature of roads.
For improvement plan in aspect of city environment, increase temperature could be controlled by planting large leaf tree, selecting nature-friendly paving, and multi level of green, and undercurrent trillion could be used to decrease city temperature.