The need of wastewater reclamation is recently becoming an issue as an alternative due to water shortage. Especially, the technology using the reverse osmosis membrane which is easy to be operated and maintained and efficient for wastewater treatment ...
The need of wastewater reclamation is recently becoming an issue as an alternative due to water shortage. Especially, the technology using the reverse osmosis membrane which is easy to be operated and maintained and efficient for wastewater treatment is increasing as the current trend. Also the market of wastewater reclamation applying RO(Reverse Osmosis) Process is expected to be increased in the future. The most difficult problem in the operation of water treatment process using the reverse osmosis membrane is occurrence and controlling of membrane fouling. This membrane fouling causes the difficulties such as increase of replacement cost due to decrease in osmosis flux and the membrane lifetime. Since the high contamination load is expected to be happened especially in the case of wastewater, control is very important. The existing study of low pressure membrane fouling such as MF(Micro Filtration)/UF(Ultra Filtration) has been performed often, but the study of membrane fouling in RO process in the subject of wastewater is insufficient.
In this study, the pilot plant with the capacity of 400m³/day to be treated is installed at the site of wastewater treatment plant in A city. The second effluence is raw feed of UF and the filterate of UF was used as the feed of RO which contains 75% of recovery rate. The high qualified water below 0.1 NTU of turbidity produced by RO system with the application of UF pre-treatment could be gained. In addition, as a result of RO system operation, the high qualified produced water more than the tap water processed approximately 10-20 mg/L from raw water at 300 – 400 mg/L TDS could be gained.
The study intends to observe the transmembrane pressure (hereinafter TMP) due to the long-term operation of RO System and change of flux and to find out the trend of membrane fouling due to organic matters and inorganic matters. The cleaned liquid is analyzed after Clean in Place(CIP) and the Surface Analysis of RO membrane contaminated with SEM/EDX is performed in order to figure out the trend of pollution level due to substance characteristic in treated wastewater. When TMP of the membrane is approached to its limit during the operation for one and half year, CIP based on the guide line is performed. In the beginning of 6 months, it could be operated without CIP and after, the cycle of CIP become shorten and TMP become faster based on the level of the membrane fouling. As a result of analyzing the component of membrane fouling through SEM/EDX, Fe was the highest detected in the surface of membrane and Mn, Ca, P and Al was detected. As a result of analyzing the CIP water, the component of membrane fouling tends to be similar with the analysis result of SEM/EDX. Due to a large contamination load and different characteristic with seawater and clean water of wastewater, the amount of substance contained in raw feed is measured per unit in order to evaluate the efficiency of raw feed. And then, it is quantitatively analyzed using CIP water in order to measure the component of RO membrane fouling used during the operation time. The raw water used in this study is passed through UF pre-treatment and entered into RO membrane. However, only particulate matter and turbidity are removed but organic and inorganic matters are almost unremovable. Therefore, the evaluation measuring the contaminants of the membrane due to the organic and inorganic matters of raw water is defined as "Contribution index of Membrane Fouling". It is reported that reverse osmosis membrane fouling in the process of sea water desalination is mostly influenced by organic matters and the fraction of Ca and Mg is high among inorganic matters. However, the inorganic membrane fouling contributed the most in the application of reverse osmosis membrane of wastewater and Al and Fe among inorganic matters that Contribution Index of Membrane Fouling is highly measured seemed like the chemicals injected for the pre-treament. Even though the raw water contains only small amount of Mn and P compared to other matters, contribution on membrane fouling was significantly high.
Therefore, proper pre-treatment and cleaning condition can be drown by understanding the trend of membrane fouling due to the characteristic of raw water when wastewater is applied as raw water in the future.