특집 1 개념으로 보는 해방 전후사 -문학,정치,일상 : 복수의 민주주의들 -해방기 인민(시민), 군중(대중) 개념 번역을 중심으로 = Plural Democracies -Focused on the translation of concepts of people/citizen and crowd/mass

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the thesis how the concept of democracy was translated amid ideological conflicts after Korea`s liberation. The concept of democracy after Korea`s liberation was the most democratic translated word, and from any perspective, was the best revolutionary expression for the then players who hoped to construct an independent nation. Thus, fierce conflicts were staged to exclusively use this word. Leftists used people democracy and progressive democracy, centrists used social democracy, and rightists used free democracy. All modified the word democracy according to their inclinations to prove their political legitimacy. In addition, diverse inclinations, which could be absorbed into leftist and rightist circles, coexisted. It was a period of utopia of thoughts when political forces could dream of realizing their ideologies. Democracy represented such diverse ideologies. However, under the political situations of the divided Korea and South`s exclusive establishment of the government, ruling skills became increasingly sophisticated and were bolstered to incorporate these diverse directions. Behind such efforts did lie Russia`s and the U.S. propaganda policies for South Korea. Conflicts were also staged over the translation of sub-concepts of democracy. The word people, the major pillar of democracy, was favorably used in translation by both leftists and rightists after Korea`s liberation. Although the word had subtle varieties, by democracy, leftists referred to the whole unification force for constructing the nation, and rightists referred to the implication of people. The word citizen was not so much a positive word for both leftists and rightists. To leftists, citizen was close to the concept of reactionary bourgeois, and to rightists, citizen was used and translated as general person with the political meaning removed. Thereafter, after the establishment of South Korean government, the concept of people was settled as the North`s word. For some time after the establishment of the government, in the South, citizen replaced people but such replacement lost power. Such words were replaced by the concept of nation, which was the entity of members comprising a state, and was different from the political entity, people. This proved that the state-led ideology was increasingly strengthened. Such phenomenon was well revealed in the collective concept of people, namely, the concept of crowd/masses, and crowd was the collective concept of political entity for leftists. However, as Korea underwent political incidents such as Daegu October 1 incident, such word was demoted to the target of terror for rightists. The word masses appeared, but its meaning was close to the concept of a simple collective group rather than a political force. Thereafter, when April 3 incident and Yeosu and Suncheon incident broke out, the concept of crowd was transferred to the concept of a violent mob. And, only those who agreed to the U.S. military administration and the Korean government could be referred to as nation. The realization of democracy was limited to the activity of the nation who performed only the activity at the representative system level.

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