This paper elucidates the meaning of early Korean Catholic women’s asceticpractices during its formative period in the Choseon dynasty from the lateeighteenth to the middle nineteenth centuries. For this, I analyse diverse discoursesrelated to the a...
This paper elucidates the meaning of early Korean Catholic women’s asceticpractices during its formative period in the Choseon dynasty from the lateeighteenth to the middle nineteenth centuries. For this, I analyse diverse discoursesrelated to the ascetic practices performed by female lay believers in early KoreanCatholicism. This thesis assumes that ascetic practices are not so much the mererejection of the body and its desires as their paradoxical affirmation for actualizingan embodied spirituality, which was heavily loaded with both religious meaningand political effects including gender issues. With such an assumption, first, Iexamine how the body, the spirituality, the politics, and the gender structure werecomplexly entangled with one another in the ascetic practices of early KoreanCatholics. Following analyses, I examine the problem of gender in two sorts ofascetic practices performed by early Korean Catholic women: food abstinence andsexual continence, which were understood as being related to the most basicinstinct of appetite and sexual desire. Regarding food abstinence, first, I show thatit was a feminine strategy to transform and adopt the masculine religioussymbolism of the Eucharist on the one hand, and a struggle to overcome thepatriarchal role and image of women as food providers and the metaphor of foodon the other hand. Regarding sexual continence, I show that it was not only arestriction imposed by the patriarchal sexual norm defining women as the mereobjects of male desires, but also an effort of women to challenge and escape outof the patriarchal restriction. Through the analyses, in conclusion, I demonstratethat the ascetic practices of early Korean Catholic women were the patriarchalderangement of suppressed and alienated female desires on the one hand, and thatthey simultaneously were the de-patriarchal effort of women to procure autonomyand subjectivity by recognizing their bodies and affirming their desires on theother hand. In a word, the ascetic practices of early Korean Catholic women werethe mirrors reflecting their ambiguous status within and without the patriarchalstructures of Choseon society and the Catholic church.