존 마셜(John Marshall)의 서아프리카 민족지영화: <사냥꾼들(Hunters)>을 중심으로 = John Marshall's <Hunters>, a Western African Ethnographic Film

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

John Marshall, filmmaker and activist, is well-known for his lifetime involvement with Ju/wasi(!Kung Bushmen) in Namibia's Kalahari Desert. His filming career as an ethnographic/documentary filmmaker spans from <The Hunters>(1958) to <The Kalahari Family>(2002) for more than 50 years. <The Hunters> which this paper focuses on is John Marshall's first major film on the San and has been regarded as classic of ethnographic film. This paper firstly examines Lorence Marshall(John Marshall's father)'s influence on John Marshall's filming career in Western Africa. And then it tries to contextualize the background of filmmaking of <The Hunters>. Secondly it analyzes <The Hunters> by critically assessing two aspects of <the Hunters>: 'use of narrative style' and 'universal perspective'. The paper points out that the 'use of narrative style' and 'universal perspective' are dual structure in constructing the text of <Hunters>.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Geertz, Clifford, "The Interpretation of Cultures" Basic Books 1973

2 Marshall, John, "The Hunter, In Jäger und Gejagdte: John Marshall und Seine Filme" Trickster Verlag 118-122, 1991

3 Ruby, Jay, "The Cinema of John Marshall, Chur" Harwood Academic Publishers GmbH 1993

4 Marshall, Lorna, "The !Kung of Nyae Nyae" Harvard University Press 1976

5 Lee. Richard B, "The !Kung San: Men and Women in a Foraging Society" Cambridge University Press 1979

6 Nichols, Bill, "Representing Reality: Issues and Concepts in Documentary" Indiana University Press 1991

7 Anderson, Carolyn, "Put Down the Camera and Pick up the Shovel: An Interview with John Marshall, In The Cinema of John Marshall" Harwood Academic Publishers GmbH 135-168, 1993

8 Kapfer R, "Jager und Gejagdte: John Marshall und Seine Filme" Trickster Verlag 1991

9 Loizos, Peter, "Innovation in ethnographic film: From innocence to selfconsciousness1955-1985" The University of Chicago Press 1993

10 Cabezas, Sue Marshall, "Filmography of the Works of John Marshall, In The Cinema of John Marshall" Harwood Academic Publishers 231-268, 1993

11 Marshall, John, "Filming and learning, In The Cinema of John Marshall" Harwood Academic Publishers GmbH 1-134, 1993

12 Marshall, Elizabeth, "Elizabeth" Alfred A. Knopf 1959

13 Gonzales, Nancie L., "An Argument about a Film, In The Cinema of John Marshall" Harwood Academic Publishers 179-193, 1993