경찰수사권 독립에 관한 쟁점 검토

국문 초록 (Abstract)

경찰수사권 독립은 정권교체와 함께 항상 대두되는 현안이었다. 그동안 경찰에서 수사의 효율성과 피의자의 인권보장을 위하여 수사권 현실화 조정안을 제기하였으나 검찰은 경찰의 역량부족을 이유로 시기상조설을 주장하였다. 그러나 경찰의 수사권 독립이 시기상조라는 검찰과 일부 관계자들의 주장은 더 이상 설득력을 잃고 있다. 즉 경찰의 인적자원과 수사 역량이 대폭 확충되었기 때문이다. 그러자 이번에는 검찰에서 피의자의 인권보장을 위하여 오히려 검사의 수사지휘권이 강화되어야 한다고 주장하고 있다. 그 예로 영미국가와 대륙법계 국가에서는 최근 검사의 권한이 강화되고 있는 추세를 그 논거로 들고 있다. 그러나 그 논거에 반론을 제시하면 영미국가와 대륙법계 국가인 독일과 프랑스의 경우는 상대적으로 경찰의 수사권한이 검찰보다 강하여 그에 대한 견제차원에서 검사의 권한이 추가될 뿐이며 수사권에 대한 재량은 여전히 경찰에게 일임하고, 검찰은 공소유지를 전담하고 있는 시스템이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The independence of police criminal investigation procedures was always pending questions in the change of regime. During the long years, police proposed the practical mediation plan of investigation for the efficiency in investigation and the defending of suspects rights, but prosecutors maintained premature theory because of the deficiency of police capability. But It grows weakening that the independence of police investigation power is untimely.Because human resources of police and investigation capability have greatly been supplemented. However prosecutors are maintaining that for the defending of suspects rights prosecutor's power of investigation should be more intensified than before. Their assertion is based on the recent trends of strengthening prosecutors' power in Britain and the United States, and Continental countries. But with the conversion of that idea, in Germany and France, police investigation power is stronger than prosecutors power, and the prosecutors power takes charge of checking the police power. So The discretion over investigation power is still taken by police, and maintenance of public action is taken by prosecutors. Consequently in our investigation system where prosecutors have a monopoly over investigation power and maintenance power, for the real judicial justice and defending suspects' rights, It is desirable that investigation power should be taken by police, and maintenance power should be taken by prosecutors. so to speak, by coordinating and distributing prosecutor oriented investigation power, police take investigation power over basic case, and prosecutor takes maintenance power over critical case with the assist of police. In addition, the department of cooperative investigation(DCI) should not be concerned with general criminal case but be concerned with the corruption of ranking officials only. Namely, We should realize the decentralization of authority between police and prosecutors, and the decentralization of indictment power between DCI and prosecutors. In conclusion, the objective of police is to harmonize police investigation power with prosecutors control power, to play a good role in investigating by practical reforming law and system for the people. To "the Reasonable Propose" of police, by practical coordinating and distributing prosecutor oriented investigation power, relinquishing some of right of investigation command to police is the way to winning public confidence and keeping political neutralization. In this way, we'll get to the principle of liable investigation of prosecutors by police.