Biological Nitrogen Removal System의 세균 군집 분석 = Structure of Bacterial Communities in Biological Nitrogen Removal System

국문 초록 (Abstract)

생물학적 질소 제거(Biological nitrogen removal; BNR) 시스템의 효율적인 처리 공정을 이재하기 위하여 질산화 반응조 내 세균 군집 구조를 16S rRNA 유전자의 PCR 및 terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RELP)방법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 BNR 시스템은 국내에서 비교적 많이 적용되고 있는 부상여재를 이용한 고도처리 시스템, Nutrient Removal Laboratory 시스템, 반추기법을 이용한 영양염류 처리 Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR)시스템이었고, 실험 결과 모든 시료에서 암모니아 산화 세균과 $\beta-proteobacteria$에 해당되는 말단 단편을 확인할 수 있었다. 암모니아 산화세균 군집에서 유래된 말단 단편의 염기서열을 분석한 결과 SBR공정에서는 Nitrosomonas와 Nitrosolobus에 속하는 군집 이 우점종임을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 다른 두 공정들에서는 $\beta-proteobacteria$에 속하는 미배양 균주와 Cardococcus australiensis와 염기서열 유사도가 높은 군집이 우점하였다. 또한, 암모니아산화 세균군집을 분석한 결과, SBR 공정이 암모니아 산화세균의 농화 배양에 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 각 BNR 시스템에 동일한 폐수가 유입되었음에도 불구하고 서로 다른 세균 군집 구조를 형성하고 있음을 의미한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

To understand the efficient process of biological nitrogen removal (BNR) system, the structure of bacterial communities in nitrification reactors was analyzed using PCR and terminal restriction fragment length poly morphism (I-RFLP) methods. In this study, we used an advanced treatment system with plotting media, Nutrient Removal Laboratory system, or the rumination type sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system. The terminal restriction fragments of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and other $\beta-proteobacteria$ were observed in all of three BNR systems. The nucleotide sequence analysis of terminal restriction fragments showed that Nitrosomonas and Nitrosolobus were major populations of AOB in SBR system, whereas uncultured $\beta-proteobacteria$ and Cardococcus australiensis were the predominant groups in other two BNR systems. Also the SBR system may be more efficient to enrich AOB. These results indicate that the different structure of bacterial community may be developed depending on the wastewater treatment systems, although the same influent is used.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "a challenging task for molecular taxonomists" 360-365, 1994

2 "Use ofthe ammonia-oxidizing bacterial-specific phylogenetic probeNso1225 as a primer for fingerprint analysis of ammonia-oxidizercommunities" 63 : 715-721, 2004

3 "Use of multiple 16SrRNA-targeted fluorescent probes to increase signal strength andmeasure cellular RNA from natural planktonic bacteria" 1993193-201

4 "Theprinciples and practice of numerical classification" numerical taxo (numerical taxo): 1973

5 "The ribosomaldatabase project (RDP-II) sequences and tools for high-throughputrRNA analysis" 33 : 2005

6 "Terminalrestriction fragment length polymorphism analysis program, aweb-based research tool for microbial community analysis." 66 : 3616-3620, 2000

7 "Terminal restrictionpattern analysis of 16S rRNA genes for the characterization ofbacterial communities of activated sludge" 90 : 148-156, 2000

8 "Quadricoccus australiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., ？,？?-proteobacteriumfrom activated sludge biomass" 52 : 223-228, 2002

9 "Physiological and molecular characterisation ofmicrobial communities associated with different water-stableaggregate size classes" 2007-2016, 2005

10 "Phylogeny of all recognizedspecies of ammonia oxidizers based on comparative 16SrRNA and amoA sequence analysis implications for moleculardiversity surveys" 66 : 5368-5382, 2000

11 "Optimization of terminal-restriction fragment lengthpolymorphism analysis for complex marine bacterioplanktoncommunities and comparison with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis" 65 : 3518-3525, 1999

12 "Modeling and control of nitrite accumulation in anitrifying biofilm reactor" 24 : 173-183, 2005

13 "Microbial communityanalysis and performance of a phosphate-removing activatedsludge" 96 : 1205-1214, 2005

14 "Isolation and direct complete determination of entire genes" 7843-7853, 1989

15 "Evaluation and optimization of DNA extraction and purificationprocedures for soil and sediment samples" 65 : 4715-4724, 1999

16 "Ecophysiological interactionbetween nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria inautotrophic nitrifying biofilms as determined by microautoradiography-fluorescence in situ hybridization" 70 : 1641-1650, 2004

17 "DNA microarray detection of nitrifying bacterial 16SrRNA in wastewater treatment plant samples" 39 : 3229-3238, 2005

18 "Comparisonof enumeration methods for ammonia-oxidizing bacteria" 43 : 107-114, 2001

19 "Chemical and microbial hypothesesexplaining the effect of wastewater treatment plant dischargeson the nitrifying communities in freshwater sediment" 50 : 919-928, 2003

20 "Characterizationof microbial diversity by determining terminal restrictionfragment length polymorphisms of genes encoding 16SrRNA" 63 : 4516-4522, 1997

21 "Characterization of nitrifying granules produced inan aerobic upflow fluidized bed reactor" 37 : 4965-4973, 2003

22 "Assessment ofmicrobial diversity in four southwestern United States soils by16S rRNA gene terminal restriction fragment analysis" 66 : 2943-2950, 2000

23 "Ammonia-and nitrite-oxidizing bacterial communities in a pilot-scalechloraminated drinking water distribution system" 68 : 73-81, 2002

24 "AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting." 23 : 4407-4414, 1995