원주시 도심 거점산림과 잔존산림의 식생구조 비교 연구 = Comparison of the Vegetation Structure between Base Mountain and Residual Mountain in the Urban Area, Wonju

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzed and compared characteristic of vegetation structure in Bonghwa mountain, the base Mt. outside urban area, and Hakseoung neighborhood park, Ilsan neighborhood park and Musil neighborhood park, disconnected residual Mt. inside urban area of Wonju. Regarding vegetation of urban forest in Wonju, Quercus mongolica forest and Robinia pseudo-acacia forest were widely distributed in the base Mt. outside urban area. Quercus acutissima forest and Robinia pseudo-acacia forest were widely distributed in the disconnected residual Mt. inside urban area. Forests in both areas were managed as part of forest management campaign. Analysis on importance value of a community classified by DCA and DBH class categorized communities into three groups according to the expected ecological succession. Community B was the one to be maintained as Pinus densiflora community. Community A, D and d were expected to be maintained as Quercus spp. Community. Community C, E, F, e, f and g were classified as exotic plant community. Ecological succession was suspended in both base Mt. outside urban area and disconnected residual Mt. inside urban area. However, importance value of Quercus spp. which appeared in the understory layer and shrub layer and their DBH class showed that the potential for ecological succession of exotic plant community was higher in base Mt. outside urban area than disconnected residual Mt. inside urban area. According to the analysis on number of species and individuals and species diversity, understory and shrub layer were reduced due to Forest Management campaign and plant species which appear at an earlier stage of succession varied as time went by since the campaign began. Species diversity comparison between natural and artificial forest showed no clear difference in both base Mt. outside urban area and disconnected residual Mt. inside urban area due to man-made disruption such as thinning and brush cutting. Six communities in base Mt. outside urban area had 17.76~52.22% of similarity index. Four communities in disconnected residual Mt. inside urban area showed 13.34~37.01% of similarity index, which was lower than base Mt. outside urban area. Among naturalized plants, Tupatorium rugosum and Phytolacca americana appeared more in disconnected residual Mt. inside urban area.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 원주시 도심지에 위치한 도심외부 거점산림인 봉화산과 도심내부 단절된 잔존산림인 학성공원, 일산공원, 무실공원을 조사분석하여 식생구조 특성을 비교하였다. 원주시 도시림 현존식생은 도심외부 거점산림은 신갈나무림과 아까시나무림이, 도심내부 단절된 잔존산림은 상수리나무림과 아까시나무림이 넓게 분포하였고 두 지역 모두 숲가꾸기 일환으로 숲관리가 이루어지고 있었다. DCA에 의하여 분류된 군집의 상대우점치와 흉고직경급별 분포 분석결과 추정되는 천이경향은 소나무군집으로 유지되는 군집(군집 B), 참나무류군집으로 유지되는 군집(군집 A, D, d), 외래식생군집으로 유지되는 군집(군집 C, E, F, e, f, g)으로 구분되었다. 도심외부 거점산림과 도심내부 단절된 잔존산림 모두 생태적 천이가 중단된 상태이었다. 하지만 외래식생군집으로 유지되는 군집의 생태적 천이 잠재성은 아교목층과 관목층에 출현하는 참나무류의 상대우점치와 흉고직경급별 분포 분석 결과 도심외부 거점산림이 도심내부 단절된 잔존산림보다 높은 것으로 판단되었다. 종수 및 개체수와 종다양도 분석결과는 숲가꾸기 사업 시행에 따른 아교목층과 관목층의 감소, 시행 후 시간의 흐름에 따라 천이 초기 수종이 다양하게 출현하였다. 자연림과 인공림 간 종다양도 비교는 도심외부 거점산림과 도심내부 단절된 잔존산림 모두 간벌, 하예작업 등에 의한 인위적 교란의 영향으로 뚜렷한 경향이 나타나지 않았다. 유사도지수는 도심외부 거점산림 6개 군집은 17.76~52.22%이었고 도심내부 단절된 잔존산림 4개 군집은 13.34~37.01%로 도심내부 단절된 잔존산림 간의 유사도지수가 낮았다. 귀화식물 중 서양등골나물과 미국자리공은 도심내부 단절된 잔존산림에서 더 많이 출현하였다.

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