의료종사자 간 무례함 행위에 대한 통합적 고찰 : 정서사건 이론을 기반으로 = An Integrative Review of Workplace Incivility Instigation among Healthcare workers:Based on Affective Events Theory

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 의료종사자 간 무례함 행위를 무례함 행위자 측면에서 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 의료현장의 무례함에 관련된 선행연구들을 정서사건이론(AET)을 기반으로 하여, 의료환경, 업무사건이나 상황, 무례함 행위자들의 기질, 정서반응, 업무태도, 행동의 6개의 범주로 분석하여 고찰하였다.
방법: PubMED, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web Of Science의 4개의 데이터베이스를 통해 2012년 1월부터 2022년 10월까지 학술지에 게재된 의료종사자 간 무례함을 다룬 연구들을 검색하였다. 통합적 문헌고찰 방법을 적용하여 문제 명료화, 문헌검색 및 선정, 문헌 평가, 문헌 분석, 의미 기술 단계로 연구를 진행하였다.
결과: 검색된 1,519의 논문 중 26편의 논문이 최종 자료 분석 대상으로 선정되었다. 분석 결과, 교대 및 야간근무, 과도한 업무량, 수직적인 문화 등과 같은 의료환경에서 환자의 건강과 안전에 중대한 위해를 주는 상황 하에, 자기중심적이고 나르시시즘과 같은 기질, 분노와 같은 부정적 정서, 타인에 대한 적대적 판단과 같은 태도가 언어적․비언어적․은밀한 형태의 무례함 행동을 야기하는 것으로 확인되었다.
결론: 본 통합적 연구결과 도출된 무례함 행위 발생과 관련된 의료환경, 업무사건, 기질, 정서, 태도, 행동에 대한 지식체는 의료환경에서의 무례함을 이해하는데 근거가 될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 의료종사자간 무례함 발생을 예방하기 위하여 무례함 행위자에 초점을 둔 중재를 개발하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

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