조직시민행동(OCB) 연구에 대한 비판적 고찰|RISS 상세보기

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Academic interest in, and systematic investigations of OCB(Organizational Citizenship Behavior) are recent phenomena in Korea. In fact, it is only ten years since the first study on OCB was published. Despite such a short history, the number of studies on OCB have dramatically increased in Korea.On the whole, however, OCB studies in Korea do not seem to show such a dramatic increase in quality. This can also be seen in the fact that the majority of existing studies have empirically investigated the antecedents of OCB, most of which have replicated the studies conducted in the West. Consequently, OCB studies in Korea are now faced with the challenges for the new stage. This study critically examines the previous OCB studies in Korea. We compare the studies in Korea with those from abroad and through careful analysis, identify the areas to be improved. The discussions on OCB consist of three aspects: the conceptual, the substantive, and the methodological. First, the conceptual part includes the definition of OCB and deals with its sub-dimensions. Second, discussion on the practical aspect covers the antecedents and outcomes of OCB. Finally, the methodological aspect of this paper deals with the methodological problems, which include OCB measures, sources of observation, and research design. Through a critical analysis of those three areas, this paper aims to provide a general survey of OCB research trends in Korea, and to make suggestions for future research. In comparison with research abroad, OCB studies in Korea in general show the following characteristics. First, there are not many studies that critically and comprehensively analyze the definition of OCB. Korean research covering the conceptual aspect are not only hard to find -- the studies that do are often superficial and merely give a definition of what OCB is. Most Korean studies cite Organ’s 1988 definition of OCB, and definitions of OCB sub-dimensions are also adopted from foreign papers. Even the Korean translation of OCB is a matter of debate -- various terms are used, and translation of sub-dimension terms are likewise inconsistent.Second, there have been a relatively wide variety of studies dealing with the practical aspect. Among such research, there are occasionally some theoretical papers that center only on theoretical hypotheses and propositions, but the vast majority are empirical studies that actually prove hypotheses in practice. Job attitudes and leadership behavior are the most commonly researched antecedents of OCB, and individual traits such as personality are also quite often dealt with. As for the consequences of OCB, the focus has been mostly on organizational performance, with hardly any research on individual performance.Lastly, in the methodological aspect, a considerable variety of research methods have been employed. Most empirical studies utilize the survey methods, but there have been notable attempts at longitudinal research, meta-analysis and experimental research. This merits a certain degree of attention, for it is difficult to find use of such methods even among the extensive OCB research abroad. There is, however, much room for improvement regarding the measurement of OCB. Aside from a few exceptions, most studies have relied on translated and modified versions of foreign OCB measures without any validity test. Moreover, most studies derive the material needed to prove hypotheses from a single source of observation through a method of self-report.

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참고문헌 (Reference)

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10 박대환, "호텔기업의 고객지향성에 관한 연구" 8 (8): 27-42, 1996