Role of Sand Capping in Phosphorus Release from Sediment

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Sand is the simplest capping material proposed to date to contain phosphorus in sediment in situ. This research was carried out to understand the role of sand capping in the speciation and release of phosphorus from sediment. Clean sand was laid on sediment sampled at a eutrophicated lake in one dimensional columns with different capping thicknesses. It could be understood from the experiments that sand capping with a thickness of less than 50 mm reduced the phosphorus concentration by over 85% and was effective in reducing the amount of phosphorus released from the sediment. Thicker sand capping reduces the amount of phosphorus released from the sediment to a greater extent. Since sand capping retards the release of phosphorus from the sediment, a higher fraction of non-apatite P (NA-P) was able to be converted into the less soluble Apatite-P (AP).

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Jacobs, P. H, "sediments with Active Barrier Systems (ABS) using natural and modified zeolites" 33 (33): 2083-2087, 1999

2 Clarke, S. J, "Vegetation growth in rivers: Influences upon sediment and nutrient dynamics" 26 (26): 159-172, 2002

3 Wang, S. R, "The study of the effect of pH on phosphate sorption by different trophic lake sediments" 285 (285): 448-457, 2005

4 Gachter, R, "The role of microorganisms in mobilization and fixation of phosphorus in sediments" 253 (253): 103-121, 1993

5 PHA, "Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater"

6 USDA, "Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys"

7 Wauer, G, "Sediment treatment with a nitrate-storing compound to reduce phosphorus release" 39 (39): 494-500, 2005

8 Berg, U, "Sediment capping in eutrophic lakes-efficiency of undisturbed calcite barriers to immobilize phosphorus" 19 (19): 1759-1771, 2004

9 Jin, X. C, "Phosphorus fractions and the effect of pH on the phosphorus release of the sediments from different trophic areas in Taihu Lake, China" 139 (139): 288-295, 2006

10 House, W. A, "Nutrient dynamics in a lowland stream impacted by sewage effluent: Great Ouse, England" 205 (205): 25-49, 1997

11 Wang, H, "Modeling of phosphorus dynamics in aquatic sediments: I - model development" 37 (37): 3928-3938, 2003

12 Moore, P. A, "Journal of Environmental Quality" 23 (23): 955-964, 1994

13 Kuwabara, J. S, "Importance of sediment-water interactions in Coeur d'Alene Lake, Idaho, USA: Management implications" 32 (32): 348-359, 2003

14 Skaggs, R. W, "Hydrologic and water-quality impacts of agricultural drainage" 24 (24): 1-32, 1994

15 Hieltjes, A. H. M, "Fractionation of inorganic phosphates in calcareous sediments" 9 (9): 405-407, 1980

16 Schnoor, J. L, "Environmental modeling" John Wiley & Sons 1996

17 Mohan, R. K, "Design criteria and theoretical basis for capping contaminated marine sediments" 22 (22): 85-93, 2000

18 Palermo, M. R, "Design considerations for in-situ capping of contaminated sediments" 37 (37): 315-321, 1998

19 Azcue, J. M, "Assessment of sediment and porewater after one year of subaqueous capping of contaminated sediments in Hamilton Harbour, Canada" 37 (37): 323-329, 1998

20 Effler, S. W, "An upwelling event at Onondaga Lake, NY: Characterization, impact and recurrence" 511 (511): 185-199, 2004

21 Quaak, M, "A new technique to reduce internal phosphorus loading by in-lake phosphate fixation in shallow lakes" 253 (253): 337-344, 1993