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      Clinical responses of subcutaneous abdominal fat and rectus abdominis muscle thicknesses following treatment with a high-intensity focused electromagnetic field device

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      https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A108196348

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      다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

      Background: High-intensity focused electromagnetic waves (HIFEM) can achieve optimal body contours by training muscle mass, strength, and toning, as well as fat reduction.
      Objective: This study aimed to define the effect of HIFEM devices on muscle training and subcutaneous fat reduction.
      Methods: This is the first-time report of a clinical case series by using a modified protocol. The study was a single-centre evaluation in Hong Kong, China, involving 13 participants, of whom nine were female. Each subject underwent six treatments, 1-2 times a week for 3–6 weeks, and each treatment session lasted for 60 minutes. Body contours were recorded using 2D and 3D high-resolution images. Ultrasonography was performed for standardized areas in each participant. The above assessments were performed at the first and last treatment visits, and then at the 1- and 3-month follow-up visits. Data were quantified and compared. The main outcomes were percentage improvement, satisfaction levels, and adverse events.
      Results: A significant improvement in muscle thickness of the rectus abdominis with a corresponding decrease in subcutaneous fat thickness was demonstrated in the subjects. The mean decrease of subcutaneous fat was 0.31 cm (19.9%), 0.40 cm (25.6%), and 0.53 cm (34.0%) at the last visit, 1 month after the treatment, and 3 months after the treatment, respectively (p=0.017, p=0.014, and p<0.001, respectively). The rectus abdominis demonstrated a mean increase of 0.29 cm (27.8%), 0.28 cm (26.2%), and 0.28 cm (26.2%) at the last visit, 1 month after the treatment, and 3 months after the treatment, respectively (p=0.001, p=0.006, and p<0.001, respectively). No significant discomfort was reported by the subjects, and 100% of the subjects were satisfied with their results.
      Conclusion: HIFEM is an effective method for training the rectus abdominis and reducing fat in the abdomen, offering participant satisfaction, comfort, and sustainability.
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      Background: High-intensity focused electromagnetic waves (HIFEM) can achieve optimal body contours by training muscle mass, strength, and toning, as well as fat reduction. Objective: This study aimed to define the effect of HIFEM devices on muscle tra...

      Background: High-intensity focused electromagnetic waves (HIFEM) can achieve optimal body contours by training muscle mass, strength, and toning, as well as fat reduction.
      Objective: This study aimed to define the effect of HIFEM devices on muscle training and subcutaneous fat reduction.
      Methods: This is the first-time report of a clinical case series by using a modified protocol. The study was a single-centre evaluation in Hong Kong, China, involving 13 participants, of whom nine were female. Each subject underwent six treatments, 1-2 times a week for 3–6 weeks, and each treatment session lasted for 60 minutes. Body contours were recorded using 2D and 3D high-resolution images. Ultrasonography was performed for standardized areas in each participant. The above assessments were performed at the first and last treatment visits, and then at the 1- and 3-month follow-up visits. Data were quantified and compared. The main outcomes were percentage improvement, satisfaction levels, and adverse events.
      Results: A significant improvement in muscle thickness of the rectus abdominis with a corresponding decrease in subcutaneous fat thickness was demonstrated in the subjects. The mean decrease of subcutaneous fat was 0.31 cm (19.9%), 0.40 cm (25.6%), and 0.53 cm (34.0%) at the last visit, 1 month after the treatment, and 3 months after the treatment, respectively (p=0.017, p=0.014, and p<0.001, respectively). The rectus abdominis demonstrated a mean increase of 0.29 cm (27.8%), 0.28 cm (26.2%), and 0.28 cm (26.2%) at the last visit, 1 month after the treatment, and 3 months after the treatment, respectively (p=0.001, p=0.006, and p<0.001, respectively). No significant discomfort was reported by the subjects, and 100% of the subjects were satisfied with their results.
      Conclusion: HIFEM is an effective method for training the rectus abdominis and reducing fat in the abdomen, offering participant satisfaction, comfort, and sustainability.

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      참고문헌 (Reference)

      1 Thompson WR, "Worldwide survey reveals fitness trends for 2010" 13 : 9-16, 2009

      2 World Medical Association, "World Medical Association declaration of Helsinki : ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects" 310 : 2191-2194, 2013

      3 Katz B, "Ultrasound assessment of subcutaneous abdominal fat thickness after treatments with a high-intensity focused electromagnetic field device : a multicenter study" 45 : 1542-1548, 2019

      4 Ahmad J, "The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery(ASAPS)survey : current trends in liposuction" 31 : 214-224, 2011

      5 Zurlo F, "Skeletal muscle metabolism is a major determinant of resting energy expenditure" 86 : 1423-1427, 1990

      6 Gregory CM, "Recruitment patterns in human skeletal muscle during electrical stimulation" 85 : 358-364, 2005

      7 Duncan D, "Noninvasive induction of muscle fiber hypertrophy and hyperplasia : effects of high-intensity focused electromagnetic field evaluated in an in-vivo porcine model : a pilot study" 40 : 568-574, 2020

      8 Kennedy J, "Non-invasive subcutaneous fat reduction : a review" 29 : 1679-1688, 2015

      9 Gabriel DA, "Neural adaptations to resistive exercise : mechanisms and recommendations for training practices" 36 : 133-149, 2006

      10 Berry MG, "Liposuction" Springer 149-160, 2016

      1 Thompson WR, "Worldwide survey reveals fitness trends for 2010" 13 : 9-16, 2009

      2 World Medical Association, "World Medical Association declaration of Helsinki : ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects" 310 : 2191-2194, 2013

      3 Katz B, "Ultrasound assessment of subcutaneous abdominal fat thickness after treatments with a high-intensity focused electromagnetic field device : a multicenter study" 45 : 1542-1548, 2019

      4 Ahmad J, "The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery(ASAPS)survey : current trends in liposuction" 31 : 214-224, 2011

      5 Zurlo F, "Skeletal muscle metabolism is a major determinant of resting energy expenditure" 86 : 1423-1427, 1990

      6 Gregory CM, "Recruitment patterns in human skeletal muscle during electrical stimulation" 85 : 358-364, 2005

      7 Duncan D, "Noninvasive induction of muscle fiber hypertrophy and hyperplasia : effects of high-intensity focused electromagnetic field evaluated in an in-vivo porcine model : a pilot study" 40 : 568-574, 2020

      8 Kennedy J, "Non-invasive subcutaneous fat reduction : a review" 29 : 1679-1688, 2015

      9 Gabriel DA, "Neural adaptations to resistive exercise : mechanisms and recommendations for training practices" 36 : 133-149, 2006

      10 Berry MG, "Liposuction" Springer 149-160, 2016

      11 Weiss RA, "Induction of fat apoptosis by a nonthermal device : mechanism of action of non-invasive highintensity electromagnetic technology in a porcine model" 51 : 47-53, 2019

      12 Reggiani C, "Hyperplasia in exercise-induced muscle growth?" 9 : 289-292, 1999

      13 Kinney BM, "High intensity focused electromagnetic therapy evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging : safety and efficacy study of a dual tissue effect based non-invasive abdominal body shaping" 51 : 40-46, 2019

      14 Abboud S, "Heat shock lipolysis : radiofrequency combined with cryolipolysis for the reduction of localized subcutaneous fat" 2020 : 4093907-, 2020

      15 Jacob C, "Efficacy and safety of simultaneous application of HIFEM and synchronized radiofrequency for abdominal fat reduction and muscle toning : a multicenter magnetic resonance imaging evaluation study" 47 : 969-973, 2021

      16 Goldberg DJ, "Deletion of adipocytes induced by a novel device simultaneously delivering synchronized radiofrequency and hifem : Human histological study" 20 : 1104-1109, 2021

      17 Jocken JW, "Catecholamine-induced lipolysis in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in obesity" 94 : 219-230, 2008

      18 Dowling JJ, "Are humans able to voluntarily elicit maximum muscle force?" 179 : 25-28, 1994

      19 Roth BJ, "A model of the stimulation of a nerve fiber by electromagnetic induction" 39 : 588-597, 1992

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