영미법계 경찰위원회 제도가 해양경찰위원회에 주는 시사점 = Lessons from the Anglo-American Police Commission System for the Korea Coast Guard Commission

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Korea Coast Guard Committee was established in 2019 with the enactment of the Korea Coast Guard Act to realize political neutrality and democratic control.
However, five years after its launch, expectations regarding the Committee’s effectiveness within the Korea Coast Guard have not only declined but have also led to widespread indifference toward its operations. To overcome both the negative perception within the organization and the actual functional limitations of the Committee, it is necessary to reexamine its overall governance structure and seek operational principles that can enhance its substantive role. Accordingly, this study reviews the institutional characteristics of the United Kingdom’s Police and Crime Commissioner (PCC) and Police and Crime Panel (PCP), as well as the Los Angeles Police Commission (LAPC) in the United States, which are recognized as advanced models of police oversight. The analysis reveals that the UK’s PCC and PCP systems secure the democratic legitimacy and independence of police administration through direct elections and parliamentary oversight mechanisms, while the LAPC enhances transparency and accountability through a consensus-based civilian commission and an independent inspector general system. Therefore, the governance models of Anglo-American police committees provide meaningful implications for transforming the Korea Coast Guard Committee from a merely advisory body into a more functional and independent institution.