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      대학 온라인 환경 플립러닝 영작문 수업에서의 성취도 및 정의적 영역 변화 연구 = A Study of Changes Flipped Learning in College Fully Online Setting Makes in Writing Performance and Affective Domains

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      https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A108759675

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      다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

      This study moved onto online fully and conducted flipped learning at university English composition courses. The purpose of this study is to examine changes that flipped learning in a college fully online setting makes in students’ English writing performance and affective domains (self-directed learning attitude and writing anxiety). For the purposes of this study, group and individual writing samples were collected at the beginning and end of the semester in the spring of 2021. In the same manner, questionnaires from 46 students were gathered twice. The data was analyzed by using paired samples t-test to look into differences in writing performances and responses in the questionnaires. Additionally, focus-group interviews were conducted. The results of the study, first, indicated that there were significant differences in students’ writing performances except for ‘mechanics’ component for group writing. Next, significant changes were revealed in self-directed learning attitude except for ‘self-directedness’ sub-construct, and writing anxiety. In conclusion, fully online flipped learning was, in general, found effective in English writing, self-directed learning attitude, and writing anxiety. Pedagogical implications are discussed for teachers interested in implementing flipped learning in a fully online setting.
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      This study moved onto online fully and conducted flipped learning at university English composition courses. The purpose of this study is to examine changes that flipped learning in a college fully online setting makes in students’ English writing p...

      This study moved onto online fully and conducted flipped learning at university English composition courses. The purpose of this study is to examine changes that flipped learning in a college fully online setting makes in students’ English writing performance and affective domains (self-directed learning attitude and writing anxiety). For the purposes of this study, group and individual writing samples were collected at the beginning and end of the semester in the spring of 2021. In the same manner, questionnaires from 46 students were gathered twice. The data was analyzed by using paired samples t-test to look into differences in writing performances and responses in the questionnaires. Additionally, focus-group interviews were conducted. The results of the study, first, indicated that there were significant differences in students’ writing performances except for ‘mechanics’ component for group writing. Next, significant changes were revealed in self-directed learning attitude except for ‘self-directedness’ sub-construct, and writing anxiety. In conclusion, fully online flipped learning was, in general, found effective in English writing, self-directed learning attitude, and writing anxiety. Pedagogical implications are discussed for teachers interested in implementing flipped learning in a fully online setting.

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      참고문헌 (Reference)

      1 조은형, "협동학습을 통한 영어 쓰기 활동이 학습자의 영작문 불안과 영어학습 간접 전략에 미치는 효과" 한국영어교과교육학회 17 (17): 127-146, 2018

      2 김성연, "한국 고등학생들의 영어 쓰기에 대한 태도와 쓰기 교수법에 대한 인식" 글로벌영어교육학회 19 (19): 77-102, 2014

      3 김예나래 ; 표경현, "플립러닝을 통한 영어수업에서의 자기주도적 학습태도와 학업성취도 연구" 한국중원언어학회 (45) : 423-455, 2017

      4 최정빈, "플립드러닝 교수설계와 수업전략" 성안당 2018

      5 한지영, "평생학습 학습성과 평가를 위한 자기주도학습 준비도 검사도구(SDLRS)의 타당성 연구" 한국공학교육학회 11 (11): 64-75, 2008

      6 김지자, "초등학교 교사를 위한 자기주도학습 준비도 측정도구의 개발과 활용방안" 2 (2): 1-25, 1996

      7 장지혜 ; 나경희, "우리나라 EFL 학습자들의 쓰기 불안이 영어쓰기 수행에 미치는 영향 분석" 한국중원언어학회 (30) : 209-228, 2014

      8 임지은 ; 이민혜, "온라인 학습자가 인식하는 실재감이 자기조절효능감과 주도적 참여를 매개로 성취도와 만족도에 미치는 영향" 한국교육방법학회 32 (32): 461-485, 2020

      9 정다은 ; 임현우, "모국어 쓰기 불안, 제2언어로서의 영어 쓰기 불안, 영어능숙도 및 영어 쓰기 수행 간의 관련성" 팬코리아영어교육학회 26 (26): 233-250, 2014

      10 김정은 ; 송지영, "군집분석을 이용한 영어 능숙도별 영어 쓰기 불안감 분석" 21세기영어영문학회 32 (32): 107-133, 2019

      1 조은형, "협동학습을 통한 영어 쓰기 활동이 학습자의 영작문 불안과 영어학습 간접 전략에 미치는 효과" 한국영어교과교육학회 17 (17): 127-146, 2018

      2 김성연, "한국 고등학생들의 영어 쓰기에 대한 태도와 쓰기 교수법에 대한 인식" 글로벌영어교육학회 19 (19): 77-102, 2014

      3 김예나래 ; 표경현, "플립러닝을 통한 영어수업에서의 자기주도적 학습태도와 학업성취도 연구" 한국중원언어학회 (45) : 423-455, 2017

      4 최정빈, "플립드러닝 교수설계와 수업전략" 성안당 2018

      5 한지영, "평생학습 학습성과 평가를 위한 자기주도학습 준비도 검사도구(SDLRS)의 타당성 연구" 한국공학교육학회 11 (11): 64-75, 2008

      6 김지자, "초등학교 교사를 위한 자기주도학습 준비도 측정도구의 개발과 활용방안" 2 (2): 1-25, 1996

      7 장지혜 ; 나경희, "우리나라 EFL 학습자들의 쓰기 불안이 영어쓰기 수행에 미치는 영향 분석" 한국중원언어학회 (30) : 209-228, 2014

      8 임지은 ; 이민혜, "온라인 학습자가 인식하는 실재감이 자기조절효능감과 주도적 참여를 매개로 성취도와 만족도에 미치는 영향" 한국교육방법학회 32 (32): 461-485, 2020

      9 정다은 ; 임현우, "모국어 쓰기 불안, 제2언어로서의 영어 쓰기 불안, 영어능숙도 및 영어 쓰기 수행 간의 관련성" 팬코리아영어교육학회 26 (26): 233-250, 2014

      10 김정은 ; 송지영, "군집분석을 이용한 영어 능숙도별 영어 쓰기 불안감 분석" 21세기영어영문학회 32 (32): 107-133, 2019

      11 이혜옥 ; 민찬규, "거꾸로 교실 수업에 대한 중등 영어 교사 인식 조사 연구" 한국중등영어교육학회 9 (9): 99-122, 2016

      12 Caccamise, "Writing in real time: Modeling production processes" Ablex 224-253, 1987

      13 Aljafen, B. S., "Writing anxiety among EFL Saudi students in science colleges and department at a Saudi University" Indiana University of Pennsylvania 2013

      14 Heaton, J. B., "Writing English writing tests" Longman 1988

      15 Jawas, U., "Writing Anxiety among Indonesian EFL Students : Factors and strategies" 12 (12): 733-746, 2019

      16 Bloom, L. Z, "When a writer can’t write" Guilford 119-133, 1985

      17 Kereluik, K., "What knowledge is of most worth : Teacher knowledge for 21st century learning" 29 (29): 127-140, 2013

      18 Evseeva, A., "Use of flipped classroom technology in language learning" 206 : 205-209, 2015

      19 Baker, G., "The use of performance measures in incentive contracting" 90 (90): 415-420, 2000

      20 Bates, S., "The inverted classroom in a large enrolment introductory physics course : a case study" 1-, 2012

      21 Park, Y. M., "The influence of the task upon writing performance" University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1987

      22 Daly, J. A., "The empirical development of an instrument to measure writing apprehension" 9 : 242-249, 1975

      23 Chesky, J., "The effects of prior knowledge and audience on high school students’ writing" 80 (80): 304-313, 1987

      24 Abbas, P., "The effect of pair writing technique on Iraqi EFL university students’ writing performance and anxiety" 9 (9): 23-37, 2018

      25 Bloom, L. Z., "The composing processes of anxious and non-anxious writers: A naturalistic study" 1980

      26 Jacobs, H. L., "Testing ESL composition: A practical approach" Newbury House 1981

      27 West, S. G., "Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications" Sage 56-75, 1995

      28 Candy, P. C., "Self-direction for lifelong learning: A comprehensive guide to theory and practice" Jossey-Bass 1991

      29 Knowles, M. S., "Self-directed learning: A guide for learners and teachers" Follett 1975

      30 Garrison, D. R., "Self-directed learning : Toward a comprehensive model" 48 (48): 18-33, 1997

      31 Shaffer, D. W., "Quantitative ethnography" Cathcart 2017

      32 Atay, D., "Prospective teachers and L2 writing anxiety" 4 (4): 100-118, 2006

      33 Oshima, A., "Longman academic writing series 4" Pearson Education 2005

      34 Tough, A., "Learning without a teacher: A study of tasks and assistance during adult self-teaching projects" The ontario institute for studies in education 1967

      35 Cheng, Y. S., "Language anxiety : Differentiating writing and speaking components" 49 (49): 417-446, 1999

      36 Horwitz, E. K., "It ain’t over til it’s over : On foreign language anxiety, first deficits, and the confounding of variables" 84 (84): 256-259, 2000

      37 Walsh, K., "Is reverse instruction education technology’s perfect storm?"

      38 Rezaei, M., "Investigating the levels, types, and causes of writing anxiety among Iranian EFL students : A mixed method design" 98 : 1545-1554, 2014

      39 Lage, M. J., "Inverting the classroom : A gateway to creating an inclusive learning environment" 31 (31): 30-43, 2000

      40 이연희 ; 홍지윤 ; 임현우, "Interrelations among Writing Anxiety, Writing Strategy Use, and Writing Performance in Korean English Learners" 한국영어어문교육학회 20 (20): 85-106, 2014

      41 Mehring, J., "Innovations in flipping the language classroom: Theories and practices" Springer 2018

      42 Harrison, N., "How to design self-directed and distance learning programs" McGraw-Hill 1999

      43 Forsyth, D. R., "Group dynamics" Cengage Learning 2018

      44 Lott, A. J., "Group cohesiveness as interpersonal attraction : A review of relationships with antecedent and consequent variables" 64 (64): 259-309, 1965

      45 Knapp, P., "Genre, text, grammar: Technologies for teaching and assessing writing" University of New South Wales Press 2005

      46 Marshall, H. W., "Fostering teaching presence through the synchronous online flipped learning approach" 24 (24): 1-24, 2020

      47 Horwitz, E. K., "Foreign language classroom anxiety" 70 (70): 125-132, 1986

      48 Correa, M., "Flipping the foreign language classroom and critical pedagogies : A(new)old trend" 2 (2): 114-125, 2015

      49 Davies, R. S., "Flipping the classroom and instructional technology integration in a college-level information systems spreadsheet course" 61 (61): 563-580, 2013

      50 Voss, E., "Flipping academic English language learning: Experiences from an American university" Springer 2019

      51 Talbert, R., "Flipped learning: A guide for higher education faculty" Stylus 2017

      52 Bergmann, J., "Flip your classroom: Reach every student in every class every day" International Society for Technology in Education 2012

      53 Mazur, E., "Farewell, lecture?" 323 (323): 50-51, 2009

      54 Qashoa, S. H. H., "English writing anxiety : Alleviating strategies" 136 : 59-65, 2014

      55 김민정 ; 최동연, "Effects of Self-Directed Learning Readiness on Academic Performance and Perceived Usefulness for Each Element of Flipped Learning" 한국교육공학회 19 (19): 123-151, 2018

      56 박은, "EFL Learners’ Writing Apprehension Change by Process Writing Approach" 교육연구원 35 (35): 71-92, 2019

      57 McCutchen, D., "Domain knowledge and linguistic knowledge in the development of writing ability" 25 (25): 431-444, 1986

      58 최재호, "Does Peer Feedback Affect L2 Writers’ L2 Learning, Composition Skills, Metacognitive Knowledge, and L2 Writing Anxiety?" 한국영어교육학회 68 (68): 187-213, 2013

      59 표경현, "Does Flipped Learning at Fully Online Systems Enhance Self-directed Learning Attitude?" 한국외국어교육학회 28 (28): 1-23, 2021

      60 Guglielmino, L. M., "Development of the self-directed learning readiness scale" University of Georgia 1978

      61 Colachico, D., "Developing a sense of community in an online environment" 14 (14): 161-165, 2007

      62 Barab, S. A., "Designing for virtual communities in the service of learning" Cambridge University Press 3-15, 2004

      63 Shim, T. E., "College students’ experience of emergency remote teaching due to COVID-19" 119 (119): 1-7, 2020

      64 Elola, I., "Collaborative writing : Fostering foreign language and writing conventions development" 14 (14): 51-71, 2010

      65 Palloff, R. M., "Collaborating online: learning together in community" Jossey-Bass 2005

      66 Thompson, M. O., "Classroom techniques for reducing writing anxiety: A study of several cases" 1980

      67 Conrad, D., "Building and maintaining community in cohort-based online learning" 20 (20): 1-21, 2005

      68 Boud, D., "Assessment in problem-based learning" 13 (13): 87-91, 1988

      69 Spielberger, C. D., "Anxiety: Current trends in theory and research" Academic 23-49, 1983

      70 Zhang, H., "A study on ESL writing anxiety among Chinese English majors: Causes, effects and coping strategies for ESL writing anxiety" Colorado State University 2011

      71 Hamdan, N., "A review of flipped learning" Pearson 2013

      72 McLoughlin, C., "A learner-centered approach to developing team skills through web-based learning and assessment" 33 (33): 571-582, 2002

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