신제도주의의 이론적 진화와 정책연구 = Theoretical evolution of the new institutionalism and policy studies

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Institution is no longer conceptualized as monolithic entity but as complexes composed of various elements. Institutions may change as a result of tension and conflict among institutional elements. Institutional complementaries refer to the existence of strong interrelationship among institutional elements. When institutional complementarities exist, the effect of a particular institution depends on synergetic effects with other institutions. The varieties of capitalism and the models of production regimes are based on the notion of institutional complementarities.
Institutional analysis has shifted its attention from the influence of institutions on individual behavior to the change of institution itself. The models of punctuated equilibrium and path dependence tend to conceive of institutional change as abrupt and revolutionary process. But a great majority of institutional changes are gradual and incremental rather than revolutionary. Hence, institutional analysis currently attempts to find endogenous sources of gradual institutional change.
The challenge of "bringing ideas back in" is one of the central issues now facing institutionalists. For historical institutionalists institutions are seen as constraining rather than enabling factors, so much so that change becomes difficult to explain. Thus, historical institutionalists turned to ideas to explain institutional change more satisfactorily. For rational choice ideas function as focal points that help solve game-theoretic models with multiple equilibria.
In explaining the recent trends and theoretical evolution of the new institutionalism, the article focuses on historical institutionalism and rational choice institutionalism.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

단일체로서가 아니라 복합체로서 제도를 인식하고 이러한 인식변화에 기반하여 제도 구성요소들 간의 상호작용과 갈등 양상 분석을 통해 제도의 지속과 제도의 변화를 설명하고 있는 것이 신제도주의의 최근 흐름이다. 제도변화 연구에 있어서는 단절된 균형모형이나 경로의존 개념의 한계를 뛰어 넘어 완만하고 점진적인 제도변화를 설명하는 동시에 제도변화의 내부적 원인을 규명하는 데 최근의 제도분석은 초점을 맞추고 있다. 특히, 최근에는 제도분석이 행위자의 역할과 권력관계에 주목하는 동시에 행위자의 인식, 신념, 아이디어에 초점을 맞춤으로서 제도의 영향력과 제도변화 과정을 설명하는데 있어서 행위자와 구조, 인식과 문화, 권력자원 등의 개념을 동태적으로 활용하여 사회현상을 설명할 수 있는 이론적 자원을 갖추어 나가고 있다고 평가할 수 있다.이 글은 신제도주의의 최근 연구경향과 이론적 진화를 설명하고 이에 기반해서 정책연구에 있어서의 시사점을 탐색하고자 하는 데 기본적인 목적이 있다. 제도개념의 변화, 제도변화에 대한 설명방식의 변화, 그리고 제도와 아이디어의 관계를 설명하는 데 있어 이 글은 신제도주의 분파 중에서 역사적 제도주의와 합리적 선택 제도주의에 초점을 맞추어 논의를 전개하고 있다.

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