제도, 공유재 그리고 거버넌스 = Institution, Commom and Governance

국문 초록 (Abstract)

공유재 문제는 개인의 합리성과 사회적 합리성이 일치하지 않는 사회문제의 대표적인 사례로, 일반적으로 공유제 문제의 해결을 위해서는 정부의 간섭이 필요한 것으로 처방되어 왔다. 그러나 정보문제, 동기부여문제, 그리고 정치적 책임성 문제 등으로 인해 정부에 의한 공유재 문제해결의 비효율성이 나타난다. 또한 전통적 이론의 예측과는 달리, 공유재 사용자들이 자치적인 방법을 통하여 정부가 관리하는 경우보다 오히려 더 효율적으로 공유재를 관리하는 사례가 보고되고 있다. 그러나 공유재 문제가 언제나 자치적인 방법으로 해결될 수 있는 것은 아니다. 본 연구는 성공적인 공유재 관리를 가능하게 하는 제도설계원칙을 통하여 공유재 사용자들이 제도적 장치의 설계와 유지라는 제 2차 사회적 딜레마를 자치적으로 극복하고 공유재 문제를 해결할 수 있는 조건을 정리하였다. 또한 공유재 문제의 자치적 해결 사례를 통하여 사회문제 해결의 새로운 대안인 거버넌스의 가능성 및 잠정적 조건 등을 살펴보았다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Traditional theories of common pool resource(CPR) are predominantly based on the presumption that the obstacles involved in the collective action problems related to the provision and maintenance of CPR are so substantial that only national government can resolve the problem. The government, however, has failed to maintain CPR effectively because of the problems of information, motivation, and political accountability. More importantly, it has been reported that under some conditions CPR managed by individual users could achieve higher levels of performance than those managed by the government.
This paper explores, (i) the conditions under which individuals users could resolve the collective action problems in CPR management via overcoming the second-order social dilemma of crafting institutional arrangement; and (ii) the possibility and the conditions of governance as a new way of social coordination.

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