뒤 알드의 ≪중화제국과 중국 타타르의 지리, 역사, 연대기, 정치, 자연(물리)에 대한 서술≫ (소고)小考

국문 초록 (Abstract)

本文章對耶蘇會傳敎士杜赫德(Jean-Baptiste Du Halde, 1674-1743)編撰於1735年的著書≪中華帝國全志≫進行了硏究。産生在近代歐洲的有關中國的資料, 其量和深度非同一般得令人驚奇。在漫長的曆史裡東亞和東南亞國家通過與中國的交流積蓄了흔多有關中國的資料, 但與此相比, 近代歐洲積蓄的有關中國學資料, 在數量和內容方面更加津津有味。中國與歐洲的文化交叉不是單單的中國旅行或訪問後的印象記水平, 而是有關對中國的介紹和硏究爲歐洲近代文化的形成做出了擧足輕重的作用。在歐洲近代史上中國是形成近代歐洲的一個因素。在這種意義上看, 不可忽視歐洲看中國的視線引起變化的18世紀歐洲啓蒙主義時期。杜赫德著書就站在歐洲對中國的視線有變化的中間位置。本文章先簡單了解杜赫德著書出版時期的背景倂調査最初在巴黎出版的法語原版和其他版本。除了巴黎原版外還有在荷蘭海牙(Hague)用法語出版的海牙版(1736)、兩種英語飜譯版(1736-1741), 德語飜譯版和俄語飜譯版四種。通過對這些版本的調査可知, 杜赫德的著書不是用當時耶蘇會傳敎士常用的拉丁語而是用法語來書寫的。而且次年法語版本以低廉的價格再次出刊, 同樣的法語版本這次却不同於第一次出刊的豪華精裝書。法國原版出版後的第二年開始出版英文飜譯版。通過對圍著互不相同的版本而出版的各國出版背景、時期、版本的形態與質量, 收록內容等進行的調査可以推測當時歐洲對中國學的關心有增無減。同時當時的出版語言不是歐洲傳統語言拉丁語而是以本國語中心的飜譯版, 由此可見17世紀歐洲知識社會出現大衆化現象。這普遍現象證實, 在近代歐洲國民國家(nation-state) 形成過程中曾普遍用本國語。

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